Environmental Process and Production Methods (PPMs) in WTO Law

Offers an extensive review of case law and academic writings on the subject, enabling readers to understand the different stages in the evolution of the particularly complex WTO practice regarding PPM measures

Provides a detailed analysis of the latest case law that sheds new light on the PPM debate and its evolution

Includes a thorough analysis of the background behind the PPM controversy, helping explain the different competing interests at stake and the complexity of the debates

Presents original proposals on the way WTO law can be interpreted to optimally regulate PPM measures

Klappentext

This book examines the conditions under which PPM measures may be adopted under WTO law de lege lata and de lege ferenda. It analyses in detail the complex case law in this field and its evolution in the last 25 years, as well as the many doctrinal debates around PPM measures and their relevance in the light of the evolution of case law, both under the GATT and the TBT Agreement. Further, it also suggests an original approach to the interpretation of the relevant provisions of the GATT and the TBT Agreement in the context of PPM measures.

The PPM issue has been one of the most debated topics in the trade and environment debate. Even though the USShrimp case showed that PPM measures are not prohibited per se under the GATT, many questions remain unanswered when it comes to the precise conditions under which environmental PPM measures are justifiable under WTO law, for example in the field of trade measures relating to climate change mitigation efforts, natural resources management policies and biodiversity conservation measures.

Inhalt

1. Introduction.- 2. Main Arguments Against the Use of PPM Measures.- 3. Market Failures, Cooperation Failures and the Management of Resources of Common Interest.- 4. Principles of International Environmental Law Regarding the Regulation of Production Methods Affecting Resources of Common Interest.- 5. The Customary International Law Rules on Prescriptive Jurisdiction.- 6. National Treatment.- 7. The General Exceptions Provision.- 8. The Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement (TBT).- 9. Conclusions: A Critical Analysis of the PPM Measures Legal Regime De Lege Lata and De Lege Ferenda.- 10. Summary. <p