This book describes the developmental process of the brain of the medaka fish. It aims to understand the brain structure of vertebrates, including humans, by taking the brain of the medaka fish as an example and showing its actual developmental process. From developmental and evolutionary viewpoints, the understanding of the brain proceeds from simple to complex structures. Fish retain the basic form of vertebrates, and their brain morphology is relatively simple. Therefore, the fish brain is useful in understanding the brain structure. This book is unique for describing the entire process of the brain development in a specific fish. In addition, the book introduces the readers to a new concept of "Hourglass of Brain Morphogenesis", concerning the general rule of brain morphogenesis in vertebrates. The authors propose that the brain morphology is highly conserved at the middle developmental stage but diverges more extensively at earlier and later stages. The new concept challenges the accepted theory that has been widely shared for about 200 years since K. von Baer (1828, 1837) and K. von Kupffer (1906) who proposed that three primary brain vesicles at earlier developmental stages develop into five secondary brain vesicles at later developmental stages in all vertebrates. The book provides a basic understanding of the vertebrate brain and is useful for all readers who wish to understand the complex structure of the brain.

Autorentext

Yuji Ishikawa was an Associate Professor at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan (1985-1992) and a Researcher at National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan (1992-2016). His research interests include developmental biology and developmental neurobiology, especially the developmental neurotoxic effects of radiation. Naoyuki Yamamoto is a Professor at the Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan since 2007. His research interests include sensory, motor, and nervous system, behavior, and their evolution of fishes. He is on the editorial board of Brain, Behavior and Evolution since 2004 and The Journal of Comparative Neurology since 2010. Hanako Hagio is a Designated Assistant Professor at Young Leaders Cultivation Program (YLC), Institute for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan since 2020. Her research interests include the evolution and functions of central visual system in fishes, and fisheries science from the points of view of sensory and nervous systems.