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This up-to-date review of seed genomics, from basic seed biology to practical applications in crop science, provides a thorough background understanding of seed biology from a basic science perspective. A valuable resource for advanced graduate students, post-docs, researchers and professionals in the Plant and Crop Sciences, this book brings together top researchers in the field to cover three general themes: genomic approaches to studying seeds, genomic analysis of basic seed biology, and crop seed genomics. A valuable resource for advanced graduate students, post-docs, researchers and professionals in the Plant and Crop Sciences
Auteur
Philip W. Becraft is Professor in the Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, and the Department of Agronomy at Iowa State University
Texte du rabat
Seeds are essential to both agricultural practices and human and animal nutrition, as a source of proteins, oils, starches, and nutrients. Advancing genomic technologies have provided researchers with new insights into the fundamental biology of seed development. Seed Genomics looks at the biological advances being made and the impact of these discoveries on crop biotechnology, breeding, and improvement strategies.
Seed Genomics looks at the application of genomic analyses to various aspects of seed research and improvement. The book opens with an historical perspective on the field. Subsequent chapters look at the impact of genomic advances on understanding the fundamental biology of seed development. The following chapters look at seed components such as proteins, oils, starch and fiber, and the genomic basis of these properties in seed crops. The closing chapters then explore genomic approaches informing strategies for seed crop improvement.
Providing a broad-ranging look at genomic advances in fundamental and applied aspects of seed biology, Seed Genomics will be an essential resource for seed biologists, crop scientists, crop geneticists and others working in allied fields.
Contenu
Contributors xi
Introduction 1
Philip W. Becraft
**Chapter 1 Large-Scale Mutant Analysis of Seed Development in Arabidopsis 5
David W. Meinke
Introduction 5
Historical Perspective 5
Arabidopsis Embryo Mutant System 7
Large-Scale Forward Genetic Screens for Seed Mutants 7
Approaches to Mutant Analysis 8
Strategies for Approaching Saturation 10
SeedGenes Database of Essential Genes in Arabidopsis 11
Embryo Mutants with Gametophyte Defects 13
General Features of EMB Genes in Arabidopsis 14
Value of Large Datasets of Essential Genes 15
Directions for Future Research 16
Acknowledgments 17
References 17
**Chapter 2 Embryogenesis in Arabidopsis: Signaling, Genes, and the Control of Identity 21
D. L. C. Kumari Fonseka, Xiyan Yang, Anna Mudge, Jennifer F. Topping, and Keith Lindsey
Introduction 21
Cellular Events 21
Genes and Signaling the Global Picture 23
Coordination of Genes and Cellular Processes: a Role for Hormones 25
Genes and Pattern 30
Conclusion and Future Directions 36
References 36
**Chapter 3 Endosperm Development 43
Odd-Arne Olsen and Philip W. Becraft
Introduction 43
Overview of Endosperm Structure and Development 43
Endosperm Cell Fate Specification and Differentiation 48
Genomic Resources 53
Transcriptional Profiling of Endosperm Development 54
Gene Imprinting in Cereal Endosperm 56
Conclusion 57
Acknowledgments 58
References 58
**Chapter 4 Epigenetic Control of Seed Gene Imprinting 63
Christian A. Ibarra, Jennifer M. Frost, Juhyun Shin, Tzung-Fu Hsieh, and Robert L. Fischer
Introduction 63
Genomic Imprinting and Parental Conflict Theory 63
Epigenetic Regulators of Arabidopsis Imprinting 65
Mechanisms Establishing Arabidopsis Gene Imprinting 69
Imprinting in the Embryo 74
Imprinting in Monocots 75
Evolution of Plant Imprinting 77
Conclusion 78
Acknowledgments 78
References 78
**Chapter 5 Apomixis 83
Anna M. G. Koltunow, Peggy Ozias-Akins, and Imran Siddiqi
Introduction 83
Biology of Apomixis in Natural Systems 84
Phylogenetic and Geographical Distribution of Apomixis 89
Inheritance of Apomixis 90
Genetic Diversity in Natural Apomictic Populations 93
Molecular Relationships between Sexual and Apomictic Pathways 94
Features of Chromosomes Carrying Apomixis Loci and Implications for Regulation of Apomixis 95
Genes Associated with Apomixis 96
Transferring Apomixis to Sexual Plants: Clues from Apomicts 97
Synthetic Approach to Building Apomixis 98
Synthetic Clonal Seed Formation 102
Conclusion and Future Prospects 103
References 103
**Chapter 6 High-Throughput Genetic Dissection of Seed Dormancy 111
Jose M. Barrero, Colin Cavanagh, and Frank Gubler
Introduction 111
Profiling of Transcriptomic Changes 113
Use of New Sequencing Platforms and Associated Techniques to Study Seed Dormancy 114
Visualization Tools 116
Coexpression Studies and Systems Biology Approaches 116
Mapping Populations for Gene Discovery 117
Perspective 118
Acknowledgments 119
References 119
**Chapter 7 Genomic Specification of Starch Biosynthesis in Maize Endosperm 123
Tracie A. Hennen-Bierwagen and Alan M. Myers
Introduction 123
Overview of Starch Biosynthetic Pathway 124 Genomic Specification of Endo...