Oceanic Migration

This book tracks the progress of the prehistoric influx of population into the Pacific region, the last set of migrations involved in peopling the planet that saw the colonization of islands stretching across a quarter of the globe: from Madagascar in the west to Easter Island in the east, from Hawaii in the North to New Zealand in the south.

The authors use science and mathematics to cast new light on this final human expansion. The book focuses on two undeveloped areas of research, showing how oceanography and global climate change determined the paths, sequence, timing and range of migrations.

Though the book has an oceanographic base and Pacific prehistory as its focus, it is interdisciplinary. It was a belief in the power of science to advance other disciplines that prompted its writing, and in the last decade genetic research has established Halmahera, the largest of the Spice Islands, rather than Taiwan as the ancient Polynesian homeland. Taking this as its starting point, the reader is led on a journey of discovery that takes in fields as diverse as oceanography, genetics, geology and vulcanology, ship hydrodynamics, global climate history and palaeodemography.

Key themes: Prehistoric migration - West Pacific Warm Pool currents - Primary oceanic routes - Settlement sequence -Transoceanic spice trading - Climate-driven chronology

Charles Pearce holds the Thomas Elder Chair of Mathematics, University of Adelaide, Australia. He has been awarded the ANZIAM Medal and the Potts Medal for outstanding contributions to applied and industrial mathematics and to operations research. He is foundation Editor-in-Chief of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (ANZIAM Journal) and a member of the editorial boards of a number of international mathematical journals. He has over 300 research publications in the fields of optimization, convex analysis and theprobabilistic modelling of physical and biological processes.

Frances Pearce, a writer, plant hybridizer and former lecturer from the University of Adelaide, has interests in the areas of prehistory, oceanography, genetics and climate history, particularly in the use of science to illuminate prehistory.

Auteur

Charles Pearce holds the Thomas Elder Chair of Mathematics, University of Adelaide, Australia. He has been awarded the ANZIAM Medal and the Potts Medal for outstanding contributions to applied and industrial mathematics and to operations research. He is foundation Editor-in-Chief of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (ANZIAM Journal) and a member of the editorial boards of a number of international mathematical journals. He has over 300 research publications in the fields of optimization, convex analysis and the probabilistic modelling of physical and biological processes.

Frances Pearce, a writer, plant hybridizer and former lecturer from the University of Adelaide, has interests in the areas of prehistory, oceanography, genetics and climate history, particularly in the use of science to illuminate prehistory.

Résumé

Oceanic Migration studies the prehistoric peopling of the Pacific. It uses science and mathematics to expand the research base of Pacific prehistory and casts new light on this final human expansion. It explores the fundamental roles of oceanography and of global climate change in determining the paths, sequence, timing and range of Spice Island-based maritime migrations ranging across a quarter of the globe. The book is of interest to Pacific prehistorians, oceanographers and American anthropologists concerned with the diffusionist debate. For oceanographers it presents the new idea of the role of the West Pacific Warm Pool and of three of its four major currents in determining the evolution of voyaging in two oceans. For diffusionists it provides new chronological and technological contexts in which the issue of diffusionism needs to be reconsidered. For prehistorians it creates a paradigmatic shift by establishing a new time depth and mechanism for Polynesian exploration, offers a new view of voyaging and exploration strategies and of economic imperatives and adds a new dimension to the debate on Polynesian origins.

Contenu
Early Exploration Strategies and Migration Paths.- The Genetic Context.- The Oceanographic Context.- Transoceanic Trade and Migration (1).- Transoceanic Trade and Migration (2).- Transoceanic Voyaging in the Pacific.- The Horticultural Context.- Transoceanic Trading in Two Oceans.- Exploration Strategies, Settlement Sequence and the Evolution of Canoe Design.- Studying the History of Spice Island Migration Through Cultural Diffusion.- Evidence for a Lapita-Age First Settlement of New Zealand.- Challenging a Late First Settlement Date for New Zealand.- The Context of Global Climate Change: Climate-Driven Demography.- The Context of Field Archaeology: The Maori Pa.- New Zealand Palaeodemography: Archaeologically Based Demographic Evidence.- Dating the First Settlement of New Zealand: A Power Law Analysis.- The Context of Oral Traditions: The Oral Transmission of History and Maui the Navigator's Visit to New Zealand.- The Mythological Context: Tree Worship and the Evolution of Creation Myths.- Sketching a Chronology for the Exploration and Colonization of the Pacific.- Dating the Last Migration to New Zealand.- Correlation of Significant Voyaging Activity with Rare Extreme Climate Events.- Dating the First Migration to New Zealand.- A Consilience of Evidence.