Water in Road Structures

Water in and beneath a road pavement has a major impact on the road's performance and its survivability. This book provides a state-of-the-art on the topic of water in pavements and the adjacent ground. It includes coverage of the basic theory; where the water comes from; how it may (or may not) be drained; the effect of temperature on the movement; how movements may be modelled numerically; and the impact that water content has on pavement material and subgrade behaviour. Sections on instrumentation and monitoring are also provided. With increased concerns that road construction may introduce contaminants into the environment, the book also studies environmental aspects of water in roads and their immediate surroundings by describing the leaching action of pavement water; the opportunities for the pavement to sorb contaminants from pavement run-off; water sampling; and water quality needs. It draws on information from a wide variety of sources, particularly in Europe and the USA, both published and unpublished, having been written by a broad team of practising engineers, hydrogeologists, environmental scientists and researchers. This book is the principal output of a large collaborative study performed as part of the COST programme, managed by the European Science Foundation.

Résumé
Background This book is the most obvious outcome of the COST 351, WATMOVE project (see www. watmove. org). For most readers these terms probably mean little so some explanation is called for. In 2001/2002 a small group led by Kent Gustafson of the Swedish Road and Traf c Institute (VTI) made a proposal to the European programme on Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST). They proposed that a pan-European team be set up to study the issue of Water Movements in Road Pavements and Embankments (acronym = WATMOVE). The COST organisation agreed the proposal and the study formally began in December 2003 with the s- port of COST. Due to ill-health, Kent was not able to lead the project and I was asked by the Management Committee to chair the project team. Scope of the Book This book is NOT about Water and Roads, nor on Water on Roads. There are other books which deal with surface water drainage in great detail and there are other source materials that deal with the impact of roads on water in the general environment. To cover every aspect of the interaction between water and highways would have required a much greater effort and a much thicker book. So this book seeks to limit itself to: (i) Water inside the road construction and the underlying subgrade soils and rocks; 1 (ii) Water from the surface down to the phreatic surface, and (iii) Water in the road and ground between the fence-lines of the highway.

Contenu
Water Flow Theory for Saturated and Unsaturated Pavement Material.- Measurement Techniques for Water Flow.- Heat Transfer in Soils.- Water in the Pavement Surfacing.- Sources and Fate of Water Contaminants in Roads.- Contaminant Sampling and Analysis.- Water Influence on Bearing Capacity and Pavement Performance: Field Observations.- Water Influence on Mechanical Behaviour of Pavements: Constitutive Modelling.- Water Influence on Mechanical Behaviour of Pavements: Experimental Investigation.- Modelling Coupled Mechanics, Moisture and Heat in Pavement Structures.- Pollution Mitigation.- Control of Pavement Water and Pollution Prevention.