Carcinogenesis: Fundamental Mechanisms and Environmental Effects

th The 13 Jerusalem Symposium on Quantum Chemistry and Bio chemistry was dedicated to the memory of Ernst David Bergmann, one of the founders of this series of Symposia, at the occasion of the 5th anniversary of his death. The opening session was honored by the pre sence of H. E. Yzhak Navon, President of the State of Israel and of Baron Edmond de Rothschild whose generous and constant support makes these Symposia possible. To both these distinguished guests we address the expression of our deep gratitude. Our thanks are also due to the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, in particular to its President Professor Aryeh Dvoretzky and to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem for their hospita lity and helpful association. I had the privilege this time to join efforts in the organi zation of this Symposium with two distinguished American colleagues, Prof. P. O. P. Ts'o from Johns Hopkins University and Dr. Harry Gelboin from the National Institute for Cancer Research. I wish to thank them for their invaluable help and the two Institutions which they repre sent for important financial support. th The subject of the 13 Jerusalem Symposium brings us back to that of the 1st Symposium held in 1967. The comparison of the two Proceedings enables us to evaluate the important developments which occurred in this field of research during the last 13 years.

Klappentext

Proceedings of the 13th Jerusalem Symposium on Quantum Chemistry and Biochemistry held in Jerusalem, Israel, April 28-May 2, 1980

Inhalt
Carcinogenicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: The Bay-Region Theory.- Inactivation of ØX174 and SV 40 Viral DNA Replication by Diol Epoxide Derivatives of Carcinogenic Polycyclic Hydro-carbons.- Dihydrodiols and Diol-Epoxides in the Activation and Detoxification of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons.- Metabolically Generated Free Radicals from Many Types of Chemical Carcinogens and Binding of the Radicals with Nucleic Acid Bases.- Nucleophilicity of DNA. Relation to Chemical Carcinogenesis.- An Analysis of the Reactivities of Epoxide Rings in Some Cyclic Hydrocarbons.- Biological Effects of Specific Hydrocarbon-DNA Reactions.- The Effect of Base Modification on Fidelity in Transcription.- Modification of DNA by Carcinogenic Aromatic Amines In Vivo and In Vitro with Possible Promutagenic Consequences.- Bio-chemical Considerations of the Enzymology Associated with Quinone and Tetrol Formation During Benzo (a) pyrene Metabolism.- Stereochemical Aspects of Benzo (a) pyrene Metabolism and Biochemical Individuality in Human Cells.- Metabolic and Structural Requirements for the Carcinogenic Potencies of Unsubstituted and Methyl-Substituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.- Formation and Inactivation of DNA-Binding Metabolites of Benzo (a) pyrene Studied with Isolated Cells and Subcellular Fractions.- Enzymic Control of Reactive Metabolites from Aromatic Carcinogens.- Aflatoxin-DNA Interactions: Qualitative, Quantitative and Kinetic Features in Relation to Carcinogenesis.- Structural Modifications and Specific Recognition by Antibodies of Carcinogenic Aromatic Amines Bound to DNA.- Immunological Detection and Quantification of DNA Components Structurally Modified by Alkylating Carcinogens (Ethylnitrosourea)..- Characteristics of Stages of Hepatocarcinogenesis.- Mechanisms ofGenetic Susceptibility to Cancer.- Constitutive Uncoupling of Pathways of Gene Expression that Control Growth and Differentiation and the Molecular Mechanism of Carcinogenesis.- Amplification of Carcinogenesis by Non-Carcinogens - Diterpene Type Promoters and Models of Environmental Exposure.- Reduction of Human Exposure to Environmental N-Nitrosocarcinogens. Examples of Possibilities for Cancer Prevention.- Endogenous Carcinogenesis: Nitrate, Nitrite and N-Nitroso Compounds.- Neoplastic Transformation, Somatic Mutation, and Differentiation.- Oncogenic Transformation, Initiation, Promotion and Mutagenesis in C3H/10T1/2 Cells.- Dissection of the Early Molecular Events in the Activation of Lymphocytes by 12-0- Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.- Modulation of Adipose Conversion of BALB/c 3T3 Cells by Tumor Promotors.- Established Cell Cultures as Model Systems for Carcinogen Metabolism.- Regulation of the Expression of SV40 T Antigen in Stem Versus Differentiated Cells.- The Effect of 12-0- Tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on Cell Transformation by Simian Virus 40 Mutants.- The Use of Cell Cultures to Assay the Effects of Chemicals on Bone Marrow.- Structural Modifications and Their Effects on the Genetic Functions of DNA Generated by Interactions with Benro (a) pyrene Metabolites.- Neoplastic Transformation of Human Mutant Cells by a Tumor Promoter.- Use of Human Epidermal Keratinocytes in Studies on Chemical Carcinogenesis.- Studies on Why 12-0-Tetra- decanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) Does Not Promote Epidermal Carcinogenesis of Hamsters.- Modulation of Repair of DNA Damages Induced by Nitrosamines.- DNA Repair in Human Cells Exposed to Combinations of Carcinogenic Agents.- Reactions of Aflatoxin B1, Damaged DNA In Vitro and In Situ in Mammalian cells.- The Role ofDNA Repair in Preventing the Cytotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Carcinogens in Human Cells.- Transformation of Diploid Human Fibroblasts by Chemical Carcinogens.- Monoclonal Antibodies in the Study of Human Cancer.- Oculo-Cutaneous and Internal Neoplasmas in Xeroderma Pigmentosum: Implications for Theories of Carcinogenesis.- The Induction, Expression and Modulation of Radiation Induced Oncogenesis In Vitro in Diploid Humand and Rodent Cells.- Progress in Cloning the Transforming Gene from Chemically- Transformed Mouse Cells.- Relationship Between Transformation and Mutation in Mammalian Cells.- Membrane and Other Biochemical Effects of the Phorbol Esters and Their Relevance to Tumor Promotion.- The Chemistry of Poly- cyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts.- Index of Subjects.