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The first textbook to focus on the history of lived Shi'ism in South Asia
Everyday Shi'ism in South Asia is an introduction to the everyday life and cultural memory of Shi'i women and men, focusing on the religious worlds of both individuals and communities at particular historical moments and places in the Indian subcontinent. Author Karen Ruffle draws upon an array primary sources, images, and ethnographic data to present topical case studies offering broad snapshots Shi'i life as well as microscopic analyses of ritual practices, material objects, architectural and artistic forms, and more.
Focusing exclusively on South Asian Shi'ism, an area mostly ignored by contemporary scholars who focus on the Arab lands of Iran and Iraq, the author shifts readers' analytical focus from the center of Islam to its periphery. Ruffle provides new perspectives on the diverse ways that the Shi'a intersect with not only South Asian religious culture and history, but also the wider Islamic humanistic tradition. Written for an academic audience, yet accessible to general readers, this unique resource:
Explores Shi'i religious practice and the relationship between religious normativity and everyday religious life and material culture
Contextualizes Muharram rituals, public performances, festivals, vow-making, and material objects and practices of South Asian Shi'a
Draws from author's studies and fieldwork throughout India and Pakistan, featuring numerous color photographs
Places Shi'i religious symbols, cultural values, and social systems in historical context
Includes an extended survey of scholarship on South Asian Shi'ism from the seventeenth century to the present
Everyday Shi'ism in South Asia is an important resource for scholars and students in disciplines including Islamic studies, South Asian studies, religious studies, anthropology, art history, material culture studies, history, and gender studies, and for English-speaking members of South Asian Shi'i communities.
Autorentext
Karen Ruffle, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Historical Studies and the Study of Religion at the University of Toronto where she specializes in the study of South Asian Shi'ism. Her research and teaching interests focus on Shi'i devotional texts and ritual and material practices in South Asia. She is the author of Gender, Sainthood, and Everyday Practice in South Asian Shi'ism.
Inhalt
Acknowledgments xii
Transliteration Note xvi
Introduction 1
Everyday Shiism 6
Center and Periphery Reconsidered 8
The Hypervisible Invisible Community 13
Redefining Norms: Shii/South Asia/Everyday 15
Representing Shiism 20
Contributions 31
The Scope of Everyday Shiism 32
References 34
Recommended Readings 38
Theoretical Lessons 38
1 South Asian Lovers of the Ahl-e Bait: Hindu and Non-Shii Muslim Traditions of Devotion 39
Muharram beyond Shiism: The Composite Culture of Commemorating Karbala in South Asia 40
The Husaini Brahmins: Hindu Devotees of Imam Husain 42
Pirla-Panduga: The Festival of Pirs among Hindus and Sunnis in South India 48
Devotion to Piru-Swami 51
Dulha! Dulha!: Sunni and Hindu Possession Rituals for the Bridegroom Qasem 56
The Shrine of Bibi Pak Daman in South Asian Muslim Cultural Memory 63
Conclusion 68
References 70
Recommended Readings 72
Theoretical Lessons 73
2 Come, and Cry, Because Ashura Is Today: Shii Literary Aesthetics 74
Tears of a Horse: Sufi Metaphors in Shii Devotional Narratives of Birds and Horses 76
The Female Voice and the Development of Shii Devotional Literature 82
A Solace for the Heart, a Source of Religious Guidance: Multiple Perspectives on the Nauhah 84
'Why not Beat My Head in Lamentation?': Gender and Voice in the Nauhah 86
'Karbala: Come to the Best of Deeds': The Nauhah and Normative Discourse 88
Hearing the Miraculous: A Different Kind of Love Story 92
Human Rights and Communal Harmony: ReVisioning Karbala in South Asian Literary Prose 106
References 109
Recommended Readings 111
Theoretical Lessons 111
3 In the House of the Tenth: Spaces of Shii Devotion 113
Mosques 115
Case Study-Microscopic 3.1: Toli Mosque, Hyderabad 120
Case Study-Snapshot 3.2: Ashurkhanah wa Masjid-e Ahl-e Bait: A Mosque-Ashurkhanah in Hyderabad 124
In the House of the Tenth: Ashurkhanahs in Southern India 130
Lions, Arches, and Chains: Visual Representation andSymbolic Meaning in Shii Built Spaces 135
Case Study-Microscopic 3.3: Panjah Shah-e Wilayat Ashurkhanah, Hyderabad 141
Imambaras: Dwelling in the Court of the Imam 146
Case Study-Microscopic 3.4: The Bara Imambara of Lucknow 148
Karbala Grounds: Pilgrimage and Burial 151
Case Study-Microscopic 3.5: Karbala Kazmain, Lucknow 157
Conclusion 160
References 161
Recommended Readings 163
Theoretical Lessons 164
4 Metal Hands and Stone Footprints: Shii Material Practice 165
Conceptualizing Shii Materiality 168
Gazing in the Eyes of a Martyr: Embodiment and Presencing in the Alams of Karbala Heroes 171
Naizah 172
Bori 174
Peta 174
Hatheli 175
Sharja 179
Jibh 180
Case StudyMicroscopic 4.1: Alame Sartauq, Hyderabad 182
Case StudyMicroscopic 4.2: The Alam of Imam Husain at Dargah Hazrat Abbas, Lucknow 187
Taziya: Karbala on the Move in South Asia 192
Ephemeral Taziya 196
Permanent Taziya 197
Case StudySnapshot 4.3: Permanent Taziya: Seeing, Embodying, and Making Imam Husain Close 197
Zuljanah: Remembering Karbala with Imam Husain's Loyal Horse 203
Debating Devotional Representations of the Imams and Ahle Bait 208 Conclusion...