Wolf and Man

Wolf and Man: Evolution in Parallel is a collection of papers that discusses certain crucial attributes of humans including traits that are shared with other social predators. Some papers describe the wolf as the equal of man-the animal is a social hunter of large game, disregards human boundaries and properties, and consume livestock when it is necessary. The wolf's will to survive is as great as that of man, and brings along many resources to the competition. Several papers review the behavior and culture of man, wolf, dog, and the Chipewyan people who hunted caribou. Another paper examines the communication, cognitive mapping, and strategy in wolves and hominids. Hominids have developed cognitive maps, forced by their predation on large animals to cover wider ranges, to communicate and form complex sequences of utterances. One paper notes that the wolf was able to penetrate on every continent except Australia and Africa due to the Australian continent's isolation. In Africa, there is no ecological space for another highly organized social hunter of large game. The collection can be appreciated by anthropologists, sociologists, psychologists, and scientists involved in paleontology and human evolution.

Contenu

List of Contributors

Preface

Introduction The Anthropology of the Wolf

Part I Behavior and Culture

1 Man, Wolf, and Dog

Domestication and Civilization: Some Analogies

Early Man-Wolf Relationships

Social Organization and Ecology

Human Hunting Communities

Concluding Remarks

References

2 Variability in the Wolf, a Group Hunter

Group Hunting

Aggressive Behavior within the Pack

Reproduction

Individuality of Wolves

References

3 Natural History of the Coyote

4 Comparative Ethnology of the Wolf and the Chipewyan

The Region of Analysis

The Chipewyan and the Caribou

The Wolf

The Wolf and the Caribou

The Wolf and the Chipewyan

Concluding Remarks

References

Part II Communication and Cognition

Evolution of the Brain and Consciousness

Exploring the Evolution of Consciousness

References

5 Communication, Cognitive Mapping, and Strategy in Wolves and Hominids

Communication in Wolves and Hominids

Cognitive Maps of Wolves and Hominids

Strategy in Wolves and Hominids

Strategy and Cognitive Maps in Hominid Communication

References

6 Wolf Vocalization

The Growl

The Whimper

The Bark

The Howl

Concluding Remarks

References

7 Scent-Marking in Wolves

The Scent-Marking Study

Distribution of Olfactory Sign

Stimuli for Scent-Marking

Functions of Scent-Marking

References

Part III Paleobiology

8 Variability and Speciation in Canids and Hominids

Variability and Speciation in Canids and Hominids

Pleistocene Glaciations and Coyote Evolution

Variation in Modern Canids

Australopithecine Variation

The Genus Homo and Two Taxonomic Models

Concluding Remarks

References

9 Dire Wolf Systematics and Behavior

History of Investigation

Wolf, Dire Wolf, and Coyote Evolution

Morphology of the Wolf, Dire Wolf, and Coyote

Pleistocene Ranges of the Wolf, the Dire Wolf, and the Coyote

Extinction of the Pleistocene Dire Wolf

A Model for Dire Wolf Social Organization

Models for Early Hominid Evolution

Concluding Remarks

References

Conclusion Wolf and Human

Behavior and Culture

Cognition and Communication

Paleobiology

The Path Ahead

References

Index