Vitamin D

Many advances in vitamin D physiology and biochemistry have been made in recent years. Vitamin D metabolites and analogs have found increasing application in clinical medicine. The purpose of this text is to review what is known about vitamin D physiology and draw attention to areas of vitamin D research that have changed within the last 2-3 years. Additionally, information concerning clinical aspects of vitamin D is also presented. More than 40 scientists have generously contributed chapters to this text; I thank them for their efforts. As might be expected, not everyone has the same point of view. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the secretarial and editorial efforts of Mrs. Cheryl Collins without whom this book would not have been completed. CONTRIBUTORS ETSUKO ABE, Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-KU, Tokyo 142, Japan DAVID J. BAYLINK, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, and Pettis Veterans Hospital, 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92357, USA NORMAN H. BELL, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 109 Bee Street, Charleston, SC, 29403, USA WARNER M. BURCH, Jr. , Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Duke Univer­ sity Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA DAVID V. COHN, ICCRH, Inc. , 1238 Wyncrest Court, Arden Hills, MN, 55112, USA ROBERT A. CORRADINO, Department of Physiology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 720 VRT, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA HECTOR F.

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Vitamin D Physiology and Metabolism.- 1. The metabolism, physiology, and function of vitamin D.- 2. The metabolism of dihydroxylated vitamin D metabolites.- 3. Vitamin D metabolism.- 4. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D: Response to and production by bone cells.- 5. Regulation of the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in kidney cell culture.- 6. Mammalian 25-hydroxyvitamin D-l-hydroxylase: Measurement and regulation.- 7. The photobiology of vitamin D3 in man.- 8. Vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy.- Mechanism of Action of Vitamin D.- 9. Calcium absorption and the molecular effects of vitamin D3.- 10. Mode of action of 1?,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.- 11. Some observations on the connection of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D with intestinal protein synthesis and Ca absorption.- 12. Induction of calcium-binding protein in embryonic chick duodenum invitro: Direct assessment of biopotency of vitamin D-steroids.- 13. Vitamin D in the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells.- 14. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and role of l,25-(OH)2D3 in human cancer cells.- 15. Nature and functions of the plasma binding protein for vitamin D and its metabolites.- 16. The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the synthesis of the vitamin K-dependent protein of bone.- 17. Effect of vitamin D on cultured bone cells.- Measurement of Vitamin D Metabolites.- 18. Recent advances in the quantitation of vitamin D and vitamin D metabolites.- 19. Stress testing of plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitarain D in man.- 20. Measurement of vitamin D and its metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.- Miscellaneous.- 21. Synthesis and biological activity of vitamin D conjugates.- 22. Approaches to the synthesis of vitamin D secosterols.- Clinical Aspects.- 23. Vitamin D and involutional osteoporosis.- 24. Sarcoidosis.- 25. Vitamin D abnormalities in hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism.- 26. Role of the vitamin D system in the pathogenesis of renal osteodystrophy.- 27. Use of vitamin D analogues in renal failure.- 28. Abnormalities of vitamin D metabolism and action in the vitamin D resistant rachitic and osteomalacic diseases.- 29. Resistance to vitamin D.- 30. Vitamin D metabolism in idiopathic renal nephrolithiasis.- Author Index.