The Glycoconjugates

The Glycoconjugates: Mammalian Glycoproteins and Glycolipids, Volume I is a collaboration of different experts in the field of molecular biology on the subject of glycoconjugates.

The text discusses the historical aspect, nomenclature, biosynthesis, and catabolism of glycoconjugates and their role in normal and pathological processes. Also covered are topics such as the purification of glycoproteins; the elucidation of the amino acid sequence of glycoproteins; the glycoproteins found in the different parts of the human body; glycoenzymes; and glycohormones.

The book is recommended for molecular biologists, organic chemists, and biochemists who would like to know more about glycolipids and glycoproteins and their applications.

Contenu

List of Contributors
Preface
Contents of Volume II
1 General Aspects
I. Historical
II. Nomenclature
III. The Sialic Acids
IV. Biosynthesis and Catabolism
V. Plasma Membranes and Mucopolysaccharides
VI. Role in Normal and Pathological Processes
References
2 Methods of Analysis and Structural Determination
Section 1 Purification of Glycoproteins and Criteria of Purity
I. Isolation and Purification of Glycoproteins
II. The Concept and Proof of Homogeneity
References
Section 2 Histochemistry
I. Introduction
II. Staining Methods and Their Specificity
III. Electron Microscopic Techniques
IV. Radioautography
V. Fluorescence Techniques
VI. Quantitation
References
Section 3 Use of Enzymes in Elucidation of Structure
I. Introduction
II. Methods and Procedures
III. Structural Studies on Glycoproteins
IV. Structural Studies on Sphingoglycolipids
V. Concluding Remarks
References
Section 4 Nature of Linkages between Protein Core and Oligosaccharides
I. Introduction
II. N-Acetylglucosaminylasparagine Linkage
III. N-Acetylgalactosaminylserine (-Threonine) Linkage
IV. Galactosylhydroxylysine Linkage
V. Addendum: Further Discussion of the ß-Elimination Reaction (by Ward Pigman and Fred Downs)
Procedure (Downs and Pigman, 1976)
References
Section 5 The Elucidation of the Amino Acid Sequence of Proteins and Glycoproteins
I. Introduction
II. Considerations Preceding the Elucidation of Amino Acid Sequence
III. Elucidation of Amino Acid Sequence
IV. Determination of the Positions of Disulfide Bonds
V. Additional Aspects of the Study of the Primary Structure Pertaining Particularly to Glycoproteins
VI. Protein Variants
VII. Addendum
References
Section 6 Molecular Weight Determination and Physical Properties
I. Molecular Parameters
II. Methods Used for Determination of Molecular Parameters
References
3 Mucus Glycoproteins
Section 1 Introduction
I. Sources
II. Structure
III. Blood Group Activity
IV. Stimulatory Processes
V. Comparison of Mucus Glycoproteins
Reference
Section 2 Submandibular and Sublingual Glycoproteins
I. Characterized Products
II. Preparation
III. Polydispersity and Molecular Weight
IV. Composition of Some Purified Salivary Glycoproteins
V. Structure of Protein Core
References
Section 3 Human Submaxillary, Sublingual, and Parotid Glycoproteins and Enamel Pellicle
I. Introduction
II. Methods of Collection of Saliva
III. General Methods of Identification, Separation, and Characterization
IV. Glycoproteins of Submaxillary Saliva
V. Glycoproteins of Sublingual Saliva
VI. Glycoproteins of Parotid Saliva
VII. Glycoproteins of Whole Saliva
VIII. Factors Affecting Composition of Saliva
IX. Enamel Pellicles
References
Section 4 Blood Group Glycoproteins
I. Introduction
II. Preparation
III. Composition
IV. Oligosaccharide Composition
V. Present Status
References
Section 5 Gastrointestinal Glycoproteins
I. Introduction
II. Stomach
III. Bile Mucins
IV. Intestinal Mucins
V. Addendum: Histochemistry
References
Section 6 Respiratory Tract
I. Introduction
II. Collection, Purification, and Structure
III. Secretion
IV. Relation to Human Disease
V. Summary
References
Section 7 Cervical Mucus Glycoproteins
I. Functional Role of Glycoproteins in Cervical Mucus
II. Hormonal Regulation
III. Physical Properties and Structure of the Glycoproteins
IV. Mechanisms of Action of Sex Hormones
V. Purification
VI. Methods of Preparation and Purification
VII. Analysis of Purified Fractions
VIII. Pathology
References
4 Blood Glycoproteins
Section 1 Plasma
I. Introduction
II. Description of the Well-Characterized Plasma Glycoproteins
III. Chemical and Physicochemical Data on Well-Characterized Plasma Glycoproteins
References
Section 2 Immunoglobulins
I. Introduction
II. Classification of Immunoglobulins
III. The Variable Regions and the Combining Site
IV. Genetic Variation
V. The Hinge Region and Disulfide Bonding of Subunits
VI. Immunoglobulin Evolution
VII. Antibody Diversity
VIII. Carbohydrate on Immunoglobulins
References
5 Glycoproteins of other Specific Systems
Section 1 Glycoproteins and Glycolipids of the Nervous System
I. Introduction
II. Brain Glycoproteins
III. Brain Glycolipids
IV. Metabolism of Brain Glycoconjugates
V. The Functional Roles of Brain Glycoconjugates
VI. Glycoconjugates in Relation to Functional Stimulation, Learning, and Memory
VII. Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Section 2 Glycoenzymes and Glycohormones
I. Introduction
II. General
III. Glycoenzymes
IV. Glycohormones
V. Role of Carbohydrate
References
Section 3 Milk Glycoproteins and Oligosaccharides
I. Introduction
II. Glycoproteins and Glycopeptides
III. Oligosaccharides
References
Section 4 Urinary Glycoproteins, Glycopeptides, and Oligosaccharides
I. Introduction
II. Glycoproteins and Glycopeptides in Normal and Pathological Urine
III. Oligosaccharides in Normal and Pathological Urine
IV. Concluding Remarks
References
6 Chemistry of Mammalian Glycolipids
I. Introduction
II. Nomenclature
III. Methods of Isolation and Characterization of Glycosphingolipids
IV. History and Occurrence of Glycolipids
V. Distribution of Glycosphingolipids and Glycoglycerolipids
References
Index