Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2021 in the subject Sociology - Law and Delinquency, grade: 1, National Islamic University, language: English, abstract: Adoption occurred primarily to preserve and transmit family lines or inheritance, to gain political power or to forge alliance between families. The issue highlighted in this paper is the protection of children from illegal adoption or adoptions that are done for an illegal purpose like human trafficking. Human trafficking is a major concern not only intra-country but also inter-country. The aim of this paper is to identify the problem and suggest ways to a better solution. The first topic is a brief history in which the genesis of adoption is explained, and it is discussed whether adoption is really for the welfare of the child. Furthermore, the relationship between inter-country adoption and India is explained. It is analysed, what laws provide such kind of adoptions, what is lacking in those laws, what their impact is and if the adoption is really happening in the country. Additionally, the international laws of adoption and whether they help in protecting the interest of the child are discussed. Then, the problem of child trafficking based on illegal adoption, how far the laws dealt with it, what has to be done and how to protect children from such abuses is explained. There must be a strong, stable and legitimate inter-country adoption infrastructure. Adoption can only maintain a principled and enforceable line against child selling and child trafficking when effective systems of enforceable regulation are in place that effectively prevent adoption systems from becoming markets for children. The refusal or failure of the domestic and inter-country adoption systems to put those needed regulations into place speaks volumes regarding the ethics of the domestic and inter-country adoption. Inter-country adoption is a conditional good; inter-country adoption as child trafficking is an evil.