Survey of Progress in Chemistry

Survey of Progress in Chemistry, Volume 5 is a collection of papers that provides the transmission of instructive material and information from the real chemical world to the classroom teacher or instructor. One paper reviews the HSAB principle (hard and soft acid bases) and notes that it can be regarded as an experimental principle to describe various chemical phenomena in both qualitative and quantitative terms. The principle can be applied in correlating and storing large amounts of data and in predicting results. Another paper shows that an experiment concerning eliminations induced either by halide ions in dipolar aprotic solvents or by mercaptide ions in alcohols can be essentially normal E2 reactions. The microwave spectrum can also be used in identifying compounds and in quantitative analysis. Another paper discusses the physical and chemical consequences of electron hydration and its many possible uses such as in the treatment of cancer and food preservation. One paper examines the fluorescence processes which occur in a liquid scintillator, including the uses of liquid scintillation in determining the solubility of gases or the production of isotopes.

This collection is suitable for professors in chemistry, students who are taking advanced courses in chemistry, and other groups of chemists who are interested to know what is happening beyond their specialized work and research.

Contenu

Contributors
Preface
Editor's Notes to Volume 5
Hard and Soft Acids and Bases
I. Introduction
II. Classification of Lewis Acids and Bases
III. Applications of the HSAB Principle
IV. Theories Underlying Hard and Soft Behavior
V. Some Final Remarks
References
Olefin-Forming Elimination Reactions
I. Introduction
II. Terminology
III. Mechanisms for Elimination of H and X
IV. Theory of the Variable E2 Transition State
V. Positional Orientation
VI. Eliminations Induced by Reagents of Low Basicity
References
Chemical Information from Microwave Spectroscopy
I. Introduction
II. Molecular Geometry
III. Internal Rotation and Rotational Isomerism
IV. Inversion and Ring-Puckering Motions
V. Studies of Free Radicals and High-Temperature Species
VI. Chemical Analysis
VII. Miscellaneous Topics
VIII. Conclusions
References
The Hydrated Electron
I. Introduction
II. Experimental Methods
III. Physical Properties and Structure
IV. Formation
V. Inorganic Reactions
VI. Organic Reactions
VII. Future Developments
References
Liquid Scintillation Counting
I. Introduction
II. Scintillation Processes
III. Liquid Scintillator Composition
IV. Sample Preparation
V. Optical Coupling and Reflectors
VI. Sample Containers
VII. Measurement of Quenching
VIII. Background
IX. Efficiency of Scintillator Solutions
X. Some Practical Counting Procedures
XI. Counting of Particles
XII. Counting Double-Labeled Compounds
XIII. Some Special Applications
References
Author Index
Subject Index