Structure

The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, Second Edition: Volume I: Structure focuses on the nature and behavior of bone cells, the structure of the organic matrix of bone, mineral organization, and bone strength. It explores the histology of bone, the pathological calcification and radiation effects on bone, particularly, the morphology and cytochemistry as well as the functional significance of osteoblasts, the mode of action of the osteoclast, the ultrastructure of bone, and the mechanical engineering problems presented by bone.
Organized into nine chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the general histology of bone, including tissues related to bone and its elementary constituents. It then discusses the origin of osteoblasts, the role of the osteoclast in the mechanism whereby calcium is unlocked from the skeleton under the influence of the parathyroid hormone, and the physiological and pathological effects of vitamins and hormones on skeletal tissue in vitro. It also explains the chemical composition of bone and the chemistry of bone collagen, the relationship between bone mineral and the organic matrix, the macromolecular organization of apatite and collagen, and the examinations of bone by scanning electron microscopy. The book concludes with a chapter on the shape, strength, and elasticity of bone.
This book is a valuable source of information for anatomists, orthopedists, biochemists, cell biologists, physiologists, biomedical engineers, pathologists, clinicians, graduate students, professors, and others interested in the biochemical and physiological aspects of bone.

Contenu

List of Contributors
Preface to Second Edition
Preface to First Edition
Contents of Other Volumes
Chapter 1. General Histology of Bone
I. Introduction
II. Tissues Related to Bone
III. Elementary Constituents of Bone
IV. The Osteocytes V. Elementary Types of Bone
VI. Higher Organization of Bone
VII. Lamellation
VIII. "Membrane" and "Cartilage" Bone and Bones
IX. Evolution of Bone and Cartilage
References
Chapter 2. The Osteoblast
I. Introduction
II. General Morphology
III. Cytochemistry
IV. The Functional Significance of Osteoblasts
V. Origin of Osteoblasts
References
Chapter 3. The Osteoclast
I. Introduction
II. Appearance
III. Function
IV. Mode of Action
V. The Osteoclast and Parathyroid Hormone
VI. Origin, Life-span, and Fate
References
Chapter 4. Skeletal Tissue in Culture
I. Introduction
II. Historical Aspects
III. Techniques for the Growth of Skeletal Elements in Vitro
IV. Metabolism of Skeletal Tissue in Vitro
V. Physiological and Pathological Effects of Vitamins and Hormones on Skeletal Tissue in Vitro
VI. Effects of Miscellaneous Substances on Skeletal Tissue in Vitro
VII. Conclusions and Outlook
References
Chapter 5. The Organic Matrix of Bone
I. Introduction
II. The Chemical Composition of Bone
III. The Chemistry of Bone Collagen
IV. The Glycosaminoglycans (Acid Mucopolysaccharides) of Bone
V. The Glycoproteins of Bone
VI. The Lipids of Bone
VII. The Peptides of Bone
VIII. Molecular Interactions and Function
References
Chapter 6. The Ultrastructure of Bone
I. Introduction
II. The Organic Matrix of Bone
III. The Bone Mineral
IV. The Relationship between Mineral and Matrix
V. The Bone Cells
References
Chapter 7. Aspects of the Molecular Structure of Bone
I. Introduction
II. The Inorganic Phase of Bone
III. Macromolecular Organization of Apatite and Collagen
IV. Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 8. Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of Bone
I. Introduction
II. The Scanning Electron Microscope
III. Preparation of Bone Specimen for the Scanning Electron Microscope
IV. Adult Bone
V. Fetal Bone
VI. Endochondral Ossification
VII. Characteristics of Fractured Surfaces
VIII. Discussion
References
Chapter 9. Bone as a Mechanical Engineering Problem
I. Introduction
II. Shape and Size
III. Growth of the Skull
IV. Cancellous Bone
V. Bone Strength
VI. Microstrength of Bone
VII. Hormonal Effects
VIII. Nervous Influences on Bone
IX. Strength of Healing Fractures
References
Author Index
Subject Index