Secular and Islamic Politics in Turkey

Concerned with the development of Islamic politics inside Turkey, in particular the rise of the Justice and Development Party that now rules the country, this book examines the changes that have taken place within the party itself, the role of the secular state and wider international issues including accession to the EU.

Auteur

Ümit Cizre is a Professor at Bilkent University, Ankara,Turkey. She is a former Fulbright Research Scholar in Princeton University and Jean Monnet Research Fellow in Robert Schuman Center for Advanced Studies, European University Institute, Florence, Italy.

Résumé
Turkey is ninty-nine per cent Muslim, its ruling party, Justice and Development Party (JDP), comes from but denies its Islamist pedigree and has a very secular feel. However, the deeply secular regime distrusts the JDP with regard to its 'true' colours. This book makes sense of these paradoxical perceptions which have characterized Turkey's politics since the JDP has come to power in 2002. The key momentum for shaping the nature and trajectories of the ruling party of Turkey since 2002, the JDP, has been the 'identity' question. The JDP's commitment to transform Turkey's politics was part of its engagement to remake its own identity. The JDP's adoption of a conservative-democrat identity has rested on a new understanding of Westernization, secularism, democracy and the role and relevance of Islam in politics. The book's central problematic is to explain both the politics of change the JDP initiated and sustained in the first three years in office and the politics of retreat it has made from its reformist discourse since 2005. The book analyzes not just the catalysts for its reformist discourse of the first 3 years but tries to explain its reversal to an inward-looking conservative nationalist course. By approaching this topical debate from the conceptual stance rather than a party-centered approach, mit Cizre identifies that the change the JDP has initiated within Turkey's political Islam and in Turkish politics is the product of an interactive process between many levels, actors, forces and historical periods. The forces and actors covered include:global forces of Islamthe secular establishment and its popular extensionsthe past and present Islamic actors in political and non-political spheresthe changing balance of forces in the region which frame the EU and the US policies toward the JDP.Secular and Islamic Politics in Turkey is a valuable contribution to the study of globalization and 'change' in contemporary political Islam, the relationship between religion and politics, and secularism and political Islam. As such, it will be of interest to students and researchers alike in the area of Islamic politics, democratization, European Union and political Islam, and globalization.

Contenu

Introduction: The Justice and Development Party - Making Choices, Revisions and Reversals Interactively Ümit Cizre Part 1: Historical Evolution and the Interactive Making of the Justice and Development Party 1. The Specific Evolution of Contemporary Political Islam in Turkey and its 'Difference' Menderes Çinar and Burhanettin Duran 2. Problematizing the Intellectual and Political Vestiges: From 'Welfare' to 'Justice and Development' Ahmet Yildiz 3. The Emergence of Turkey's Contemporary 'Muslim Democrats' Kenan Çayir 4. The Justice and Development Party's 'New Politics': Steering Toward Conservative Democracy - A Revised Islamic Agenda or Management of New Crises? Burhanettin Duran Part 2: Secular Establishment and the Justice and Development Party 5. The Justice and Development Party and the Kemalist Establishment Menderes Çinar 6. The Justice and Development Party and the Military: Recreating the Past after Reforming It? Ümit Cizre Part 3: European Union Dimension 7. The Justice and Development Party and the European Union: From Euroscepticism to Euro-Enthusiasm and Euro-Fatigue Ali Resul Usul Part 4: Empirical Data and the Justice and Development Party 8. The Social Bases of the Justice and Development Party Ertan Aydin and Ibrahim Dalmis. Conclusion Ümit Cizre