The energy momentum tensor (EMT) is one of the most fundamental observables in physics. Recently, a novel method to define EMT on the basis of the gradient-flow formalism has been proposed. It turned out that the EMT operator can be constructed even on the lattice with the method, which enables non-perturbative computations. This approach has been successfully applied to the analyses on thermodynamic quantities.

This book presents the study on spatial EMT distributions around static charges via the gradient flow in lattice simulations based on SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. Static charges are employed as probes to explore complex quantum systems, and EMT then characterizes the response of vacuum as well as hot medium under the existence of the charges, which significantly provides profound and novel insights into the non-perturbative phenomena, such as the confinement of quarks. In addition, the book treats the study on the EMT distribution around a magnetic vortex in the Abelian-Higgs model, which is compared with the lattice result. These achievements open up various future studies for revealing non-trivial aspects of the strong interaction.

The book also includes well-organized reviews on general properties of EMT, lattice gauge theory and the gradient-flow formalism with its application to the definition of EMT. They are useful for students and young researchers as a brief introduction to this field.

Auteur
Ryosuke Yanagihara graduated from Osaka University in 2016. He belonged to Nuclear Theory Group in Osaka University in 2015-2021. He received his M.S. and Ph.D. in physics from Osaka University in 2018 and 2021, respectively.

Contenu
Introduction.- Energy Momentum Tensor.- Lattice Field Theory.- Yang-Mills Gradient Flow and Energy Momentum Tensor.- Distribution of Energy Momentum Tensor around Single Static Quark in Deconfined Phase of SU(3) Yang-Mills Theory.- Distribution of Energy Momentum Tensor around Static QuarkAnti-Quark in Vacuum of SU(3) Yang-Mills Theory.- Distribution of Energy Momentum Tensor around Magnetic Vortex in Abelian-Higgs Model.- Summary and Outlook.- Appendix.