Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes

Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes is the first integrated review of the reproductive biology of the bony fishes, which are the most species-rich and diversified group of vertebrates. Teleosts display remarkable variation in their modes of reproduction, and this volume is intended to provide a framework for understanding the remarkable reproductive diversity of this group. It describes their reproductive biology using, wherever possible, phylogenetic analyses and life-history theory as a means to interpret the information. The book addresses the genetic, physiological, behavioural, ecological, evolutionary and applied aspects of teleost reproduction in a comparative framework that emphasises the adaptive basis of reproductive diversity. Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes provides a comprehensive synthesis of fish reproduction that will be of great interest to life scientists, particularly ecologists, evolutionary biologists, physiologists and advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and research workers requiring a comprehensive overview of fish reproduction. The book is suitable for courses in fish biology and ecology, reproductive physiology and reproductive genetics. It also addresses applied questions and will be of value for courses on fisheries science and aquaculture. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological sciences, fisheries science and aquaculture are studied and taught should have several copies of this important book on their shelves.

Auteur

Dr Robert 'Bob' Wootton was Reader in Ecology at the Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, UK. Bob's research addressed the ecology, behaviour and evolutionary biology of fishes.

Dr Carl Smith is a Lecturer in the School of Biology at the University of St Andrews, UK and also holds a research position at the Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Brno, Czech Republic. Carl's research focuses on mating system evolution in fishes.

Texte du rabat

Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes is the first integrated review of the reproductive biology of the bony fishes, which are the most species-rich and diversified group of vertebrates. Teleosts display remarkable variation in their modes of reproduction, and this volume is intended to provide a framework for understanding the remarkable reproductive diversity of this group. It describes their reproductive biology using, wherever possible, phylogenetic analyses and life-history theory as a means to interpret the information. The book addresses the genetic, physiological, behavioural, ecological, evolutionary and applied aspects of teleost reproduction in a comparative framework that emphasises the adaptive basis of reproductive diversity.

Reproductive Biology of Teleost Fishes provides a comprehensive synthesis of fish reproduction that will be of great interest to life scientists, particularly ecologists, evolutionary biologists, physiologists and advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and research workers requiring a comprehensive overview of fish reproduction. The book is suitable for courses in fish biology and ecology, reproductive physiology and reproductive genetics. It also addresses applied questions and will be of value for courses on fisheries science and aquaculture. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological sciences, fisheries science and aquaculture are studied and taught should have several copies of this important book on their shelves.

Contenu
Preface xvii Acknowledgements xix

Abbreviations and acronyms xxi

1 Introduction 1

Introduction 1

Reproductive modes of the teleosts 2

Gender systems of teleosts 2

Spawning dynamics 4

Modes of fertilisation 5

Mating systems 5

Secondary sexual characteristics 6

Parental care 6

Reproductive guilds 6

Reproductive diversity in teleosts: an explanatory framework 6

Phylogenetic relationships of the teleosts 8

Life-history theory 9

Aims of the volume 11

2 Sex determination 13

Introduction 13

Genotypic sex determination 14

Monofactorial genotypic sex determination 14

Multifactorial genotypic sex determination 20

Polyfactorial (polygenic) genotypic sex determination 20

Environmental sex determination 21

Evolution of sex-determining mechanisms 26

3 Sex differentiation 31

Introduction 31

Embryology of the gonads 32

Origin and migration of primordial germ cells 33

Sex differentiation in the gonadal anlagen 35

Initial differentiation of the gonads 36

Initial differentiation of ovaries 38

Initial differentiation of testes 38

Genetic control of early gonadal differentiation 40

Synthesis 42

4 Gametogenesis 45

Introduction 46

Structure of ovaries 48

Gross morphology of the ovaries 48

Development of female gonoducts 51

Oogenesis 52

Oogonial proliferation and oogonial nest formation 53

Chromatin nucleolus stage 53

Primary growth 54

Secondary growth vitellogenesis 55

Vitellogenin and the zona pellucida proteins 56

Polarity of the oocyte 58

Oocyte maturation 58

Ovulation 60

Atresia 60

Fertilisation 62

Genetic control of oogenesis 64

Dynamics of oocyte development 65

Spawning dynamics and fecundity 66

Structure of the testes 66

Gross morphology of a testis 66

Development of male gonoducts 69

Accessory structures associated with the testes and gonoducts 70

Spermatogenesis 71

Spermatocysts 71

Sertoli cells 71

Stages of spermatogenesis within a spermatogenic spermatocyst 73

Differentiated spermatogonia 73

Primary spermatocysts 73

Secondary spermatocysts 73

Spermatids 74

Spermiation and capacitation 75

Types of spermatozoa 76

Structure and phylogenetic distribution 76

Spermatozoa viability 77

Genetic control of spermatogenesis 79

Dynamics of spermatogenesis 79

Quantitative analysis of sperm production 80

5 Endocrinology of reproduction 81

Introduction 82

Brainpituitarygonad reproductive axis in vertebrates 83

Levels of analysis 85

Gonadal steroids 86

Sex steroid synthesis 86

Sex steroid receptors 87

Endocrine control of oogenesis 88

Oogonial proliferation and primary growth 88

Secondary growth: vitellogenesis 89

Maturation and ovulation 90

Endocrine control of oogenesis in species with batch spawning 91

Endocrine control of spermatogenesis 93

Spermatogonial proliferation 95

Initiation of meiosis and formation of spermatocysts 95

Spermiation 96

Patterns of spawning in relation to spermatogenesis 96

The pituitary and the gonadotrophins 98

Brainpituitary relationship 98

Gonadotrophs and gonadotrophins 99

Gonadotrophin receptors 100

Hypothalamic control of the pituitary 101

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 101 Functions of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 102...