Regulatory T Cells and Clinical Application

A major process of rediscovery has taken place in the field of Cellular Immunology over the past 12 years-subsets of T lymphocytes exist that are specifically dedicated to regulation or as it should be more appropriately termed suppression of all aspects of immune responses.

It was only after Prof. Sakaguchi identified the CD25 antigen in 1995 as a marker for a major population of T cells that had suppressor functions both in vitro and in vivo that the resurgence in the regulatory T cell area could begin.

The regulatory T cells field has grown dramatically over the past decade. It is now impossible to read a journal that does not contain numerous papers whose titles deal with regulatory T cells. More importantly, it is also difficult to submit a new research grant proposal in any area of immunologic research that does not include a section on analysis on the contribution of regulatory T cells to the subject matter under study.

Regulatory T cells can be best thought of today as "teenagers" ready to take on all the challenges of complex immune responses. In ten years, the field will certainly be more mature, and manipulation of regulatory T cell function by cellular biotherapy, antibodies and small molecules will be routine function of the clinical immunologist.

• From Preface by Prof. Ethan Shevach, National Institute of Health, USA

It has been for long debated whether suppressor/regulatory T cells did actually even exist. Today, this question is no longer accurate and the subject of regulatory T cells is the object of a constantly growing interest in immunologists and clinicians. There is no doubt that the history of Tregs will make a new big leap ahead.

• From Chapter One by Prof. Shimon Sakaguchi, Kyoto University, Japan

Résumé

Covering one of the hottest topics in immunology today, this book provides a comprehensive view of all types of regulatory T cells described so far in the literature. The book will have broad appeal to both researchers and clinicians.

Contenu
Immunobiology of Regulatory T Cells.- Regulatory T Cells and the Control of Auto-Immunity: From day 3 Thymectomy to FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells.- FoxP3 and Regulatory T Cells.- Thymic and Peripheral Generation of CD4 + Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells.- The Role of IL-2 in the Development and Peripheral Homeostasis of Naturally Occurring CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells.- IL-2 Signaling and CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells.- TGF-Beta and Regulatory T Cells.- TGF-? Regulates Reciprocal Differentiation of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells and IL-17-Producing Th17 Cells from Naïve CD4 + CD25 T Cells.- Molecular Signalling in T Regulatory Cells.- Regulatory T Cells in Disease and Clinical Application.- CD4+Foxp3+Regulatory T Cells in Immune Tolerance.- Regulatory T Cell Control of Autoimmune Diabetes and Their Potential Therapeutic Application.- CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells as Adoptive Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Disease and for the Treatment of Graft-Versus-Host Disease.- Natural CD4 + CD25 + Regulatory T Cells in Regulation of Autoimmune Disease.- Multiple Sclerosis and Regulatory T Cells.- CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells and TGF-Beta in Mucosal Inflammation.- Induction of Adaptive CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Response in Autoimmune Disease.- Regulatory T Cells in Transplantation.- Regulatory T-cells in Therapeutic Transplantation Tolerance.- CD4 + CD25 + Regulatory T Cell Therapy for the Induction of Clinical Transplantation Tolerance.- Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Disease.- Regulatory T Cells and Tumour Immunotherapy.- Regulatory T Cells in Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.- CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Viral Infections.- IL-10 and TGF-?-Producing Regulatory T Cells in Infection.- Human Type 1 T Regulatory Cells.- CD8+ T Regulatory Cells inEye Derive Tolerance.- Immune Suppression by a Novel Population of CD8??+TCR??+ Regulatory T cells.- Innate Regulatory iNKT Cells.- Natural Killer T Cells Regulate the Development of Asthma.- The Development, Activation, Function and Mechanisms of Immunosuppressive Double Negative (DN) T Cells.- ?? T Cells in Immunoregulation.