Potato Physiology

Potato Physiology provides perspective and knowledge on the biological behavior and potentials of the potato plant.
Organized into 15 chapters, this book focuses on tuber development physiology, biochemistry, and anatomy. This text also covers topics on physiological and biochemical aspects of photosynthesis, photoassimilate partitioning, respiration, tuberization, as well as carbohydrate and protein metabolisms. It elucidates potato's rest period, the stage when growth is inhibited as a result of endogenous causes, and the tubers' disorders, environmental responses, frost hardiness, and tissue culture.
This text provides a worldwide perspective and is organized and presented to be useful to graduate students, teachers, and potato investigators.

Contenu

Contributors
Foreword
Preface

1. The Potato as a World Food Crop, with Special Reference to Developing Areas
   I. Introduction
   II. Potato Production and Use
   III. Technology Needs of Developing Areas
   IV. Summary and Conclusions
   References
2. Photosynthesis and Photoassimilate Partitioning
   I. Photosynthesis
   II. Photoassimilate Partitioning
   III. Conclusion
   References
3. Potato Respiration: Electron Transport Pathways
   I. Introduction
   II. Respiration of Potato Tissues
   III. Mitochondria
   IV. Cyanide Resistance
   V. Conclusions
   References
4. Development and Structure of Tubers
   I. Introduction
   II. External Morphology
   III. Early Tuber Development
   IV. Tissues of Mature Tubers
   V. Ergastic Substances
   VI. Structure of Tubers Grown in Vitro
   VII. Conclusions
   References
5. Cuttings as Simplified Models of the Potato Plant
   I. Introduction
   II. Methodology and Interpretation of Results
   III. Physiological Studies with Cuttings
   IV. Cuttings as a Selection Tool for Breeding
   V. In Vitro Cuttings
   VI. Implications Concerning the Nature of the Hypothetical Tuberization Stimulus
   VII. Implications for Yield Physiology
   References
6. Interactions of Nitrogen Nutrition, Phytohormones, and Tuberization
   I. Introduction
   II. Tuber Initiation and Tuber Growth as Regulated by Nitrogen Nutrition
   III. Conclusion
   References
7. Tuber Initiation in Solanuaa Tuberosum: Effect of Phytohormones and Induced Changes in Nucleic Acid and Protein Metabolism
   I. Introduction
   II. Auxins
   III. Kinins
   IV. Coumarin
   V. Miscellaneous Chemicals
   VI. Inhibitors^Abscisic Acid (ABA)
   VII. Nucleic Acid Changes
   VIII. Enzyme Changes
   IX. Inhibitors of Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism
   X. Discussion
   References
8. Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Major Tuber Proteins
   I. Characterization of Patatin and Its mRNA
   II. Regulation of Patatin under Normal Conditions
   III. Induction of Patatin without the Morphology of Tuberization
   IV. Regulation of Patatin Synthesis by Photoperiod and Gibberellic Acid
   V. Conclusions
   References
9. Carbohydrate Metabolism in Developing Potato Tubers
   I. Introduction
   II. Scope
   III. Phloem Unloading and the Movement of Assimilate to Storage Cells
   IV. Metabolism of Sucrose
   V. Biosynthesis of Starch
   VI. Tuberization of Stolon Tips and Development of Tubers
   VII. Metabolism of Young Growing Tubers and the Effects of Exogenous and Environmental Factors
   VIII. Regulation of Metabolism
   IX. Conclusion
   References
10. Potato Proteins
    I. Introduction
    II. Amino Acids in the Free Pool
    III. Amino Acid Composition of Potato Protein
    IV. Protein Fractions and Soluble Protein Relationships
    V. The Nutritional Quality of Potato Protein
    VI. Protein Yield and Starch Relationships
    VII. Protein Changes during Tuber Development
    VIII. Genetic Variability in Proteins Detected by Gel Electrophoreses
    IX. Conclusion
    References
11. Potato Rest
    I. Introduction and Definition of the Term Rest
    II. Duration of the Rest Period, and Methods to Break and to Induce Rest
    III. Changes Other than Hormonal in the Potato Tuber during Rest and Cessation of Rest
    IV. Changes in the Levels of Endogenous Hormones during the Rest Period and Effect of Exogenous Growth Substances on the Rest
    V. Acidic Inhibitors as One of the Causes of Potato Rest
    References
12. Physiological Disorders of Potato Tubers
    I. Introduction
    II. Major Physiological Disorders
    III. Minor Physiological Disorders
    IV. Concluding Remarks
    References
13. Potato Frost Hardiness
    I. Introduction
    II. Frost Hardiness
    III. Frost Hardiness in Relation to Anatomy Morphology, and Genotype Origin
    IV. Concluding Remarks
    References
14. Environmental Effects on Growth and Development of Potato Plants
    I. Introduction
    II. The Potato Plant and Its Potentiality to Environmental Responses
    III. Effects of Natural Environments
    IV. Effects of Controlled Environments
    V. Conclusions
    References
15. Potato Tissue Culture and its Applications in Agriculture
    I. Types of in Vitro Potato Cultures
    II. In Vitro Culture Applied to Seed Potato and Field Production
    III. In Vitro Germ Plasm Preservation
    IV. In Vitro Mutation Breeding
    V. Closing Thoughts
    References
    Index