Plant Respiration: Metabolic Fluxes and Carbon Balance

Plants assimilate carbon dioxide (CO2) via photosynthesis but also evolve CO2 via respiration and photorespiration. In the past decades, our understanding of factors that determine photosynthesis and photorespiration rates has been extensive, but the knowledge of effective determinants of respiration has remained elusive. At the heart of this paradigm is the way respiratory metabolism utilizes carbon fixed by photosynthesis to provide energy and carbon skeletons for growth. Unsurprisingly therefore, the control of plant respiration and global impacts of CO2 evolution by plants is a rapidly growing research field, which takes advantage of new generation technologies, from stable isotopes to wide-scale modelling. This book has a strong research orientation, telling readers what the latest views and concepts about plant respiration are in the present research scene, and how methodologies for metabolic fluxes have been used to maximize effectiveness in terms of understanding processes in plant respiration. The book is intended for a readership including post-graduates and researchers in plant physiology. This book provides the essential knowledge of plant respiratory metabolism, written by international experts. The book covers hot topics from metabolic fluxes, enzymatic regulation by post-translational modifications, interactions between metabolic pathways, alternative respiratory metabolism, and models of CO2 efflux under a changing climate.

Texte du rabat

Plants assimilate carbon dioxide (CO2) via photosynthesis but also evolve CO2 via respiration and photorespiration. In the past decades, our understanding of factors that determine photosynthesis and photorespiration rates has been extensive, but the knowledge of effective determinants of respiration has remained elusive. At the heart of this paradigm is the way respiratory metabolism utilizes carbon fixed by photosynthesis to provide energy and carbon skeletons for growth. Unsurprisingly therefore, the control of plant respiration and global impacts of CO2 evolution by plants is a rapidly growing research field, which takes advantage of new generation technologies, from stable isotopes to wide-scale modelling. This book has a strong research orientation, telling readers what the latest views and concepts about plant respiration are in the present research scene, and how methodologies for metabolic fluxes have been used to maximize effectiveness in terms of understanding processes in plant respiration. The book is intended for a readership including post-graduates and researchers in plant physiology. This book provides the essential knowledge of plant respiratory metabolism, written by international experts. The book covers hot topics from metabolic fluxes, enzymatic regulation by post-translational modifications, interactions between metabolic pathways, alternative respiratory metabolism, and models of CO2 efflux under a changing climate.

Résumé
There are currently intense efforts devoted to understand plant respiration (from genes toecosystems) and its regulatory mechanisms; this is because respiratory CO2 productionrepresents a substantial carbon loss in crops and in natural ecosystems. Thus, in addition tomanipulating photosynthesis to increase plant biomass production, minimization ofrespiratory loss should be considered in plant science and engineering. However, respiratorymetabolic pathways are at the heart of energy and carbon skeleton production and therefore, itis an essential component of carbon metabolism sustaining key processes such asphotosynthesis. The overall goal of this book is to provide an insight in such interactions aswell as an up-to-date view on respiratory metabolism, taking advantage of recent advancesand concepts, from fluxomics to natural isotopic signal of plant CO2 efflux. It is thus a nonoverlapping,complement to Volume 18 in this series (Plant Respiration From Cell toEcosystem) which mostly deals with mitochondrial electron fluxes and plant-scale respiratorylosses.

Contenu

From the Series Editors.- Series Editors.- Preface.- The Editors.- Contributors.- Author Index.- 1. Interactions Between Day Respiration, Photorespiration, and N and S Assimilation in Leaves; Cyril Abadie et al.- 2. Regulation of Respiration by Cellular Key Parameters: Energy Demand, ADP, and Mg2+; *Richard Bligny, Elisabeth Gout.- 3. Carbon Isotope Fractionation in Plant Respiration; *Camille Bathellier et al.- 4. Plant Respiration Responses to Elevated CO2: an Overview from Cellular Processes to Global Impacts; Nicholas G. Smith.- 5. Plant Structure-Function Relationships and Woody Tissue Respiration: Upscaling to Forests from Laser-derived Measurements; Patrick Meir et al.- 6. Leaf Respiration in Terrestrial Biosphere Models; Owen K. Atkin et al.- 7. Respiratory Effects on the Carbon Isotope Discrimination near the Compensation Point; Margaret M Barbour et al.- 8. Respiratory Turn-over and Metabolic Compartments: From the Design of Tracer Experiments to the Characterization of Respiratory Substrate-supply Systems; Hans Schnyder et al.- 9. Respiration and CO2 Fluxes in Trees; *Robert O. Teskey et al.- 10. Hypoxic Respiratory Metabolism in Plants: Reorchestration of Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolisms; *Elisabeth Planchet et al.- 11. Respiratory Metabolism in CAM Plants; *Guillaume Tcherkez.- 12. Respiratory Metabolism in Heterotrophic Plant Cells as Revealed by Isotopic Labelling and Metabolic Flux Analysis; *Martine Dieuaide-Noubhani, Dominique Rolin.- 13. Mechanisms and Functions of Post-translational Enzyme Modifications in the Organization and Control of Plant Respiratory Metabolism; *Brendan M. O'Leary,William C. Plaxton.- 14. Tracking the Orchestration of the Tricarboxylic Acid Pathway in Plants, 80 Years after the Discovery of the Krebs Cycle; *Guillaume Tcherkez.- Subject Index.