Physicochemical Kinetics and Transport at Biointerfaces

Part of the IUPAC Series on Analytical and Physical Chemistry of Environmental Systems, this book collects and integrates current knowledge of the chemical mechanisms, kinetics, transport and interactions involved in processes at biological interfaces in environmental systems.

• Provides important, current knowledge for environmental scientists and related fields

• Highlights key directions for future research

• Follows on from a previous title in the series, Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems

• Written by internationally renowned editors and authors

Kinetics and Transport at Biointerfaces will be a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in understanding the fundamentals of chemical kinetics and transport processes in bioenvironmental systems. The content is required reading for chemists, physicists and biologists in environmentally oriented disciplines.

Auteur
Herman P. van Leeuwen is an electrochemist who obtained his degree in chemistry at the State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands, in 1969. His thesis was in the field of pulse methods in electrode kinetics, and his Ph.D. degree was awarded cum laude (best 5% in The Netherlands) in 1972. He then joined the Colloid Chemistry and Electrochemistry group of Professor J. Lyklema at Wageningen University, where he became a senior lecturer in 1986. His teaching includes analytical/ inorganic chemistry, electrochemistry and environmental physical chemistry. He was appointed Extraordinary Professor at the University of Geneva in 2000. His current major research interests are twofold: (1) ion dynamics and electrokinetics of colloids, and (2) dynamic speciation and bioavailability of metals in environmental systems. He has published some 140 research papers, reviews and book chapters in these fields. He was chairman of the IUPAC Commission on Fundamental Environmental Chemistry from 1995 to 1999, and Chairman of the Electrochemistry Section of the Royal Dutch Chemical Society from 1993 to 2001. Together with J. Buffle, he edits the IUPAC Book Series on Analytical and Physical Chemistry of Environmental Systems, launched in 1992.

Wolfgang Koster studied biology at the Universities of Bielefeld and Tu?bingen, Germany. Placing emphasis on biochemistry, plant physiology, genetics and microbiology he was influenced by the work of Professor V. Braun, Professor E. Sander and Professor H. Zahner. In 1986, he earned his Ph.D. from the University of Tubingen. With a grant from the German Science Foundation (DFG), in 1988 he became a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Professor R. J. Kadner at the School of Medicine, University of Virginia, USA. He was then promoted to a position equivalent to Assistant Professor and the 'Habilitation' in Microbiology at the University of Tubingen. Between 1998 and 1999 he held the position of 'Visiting Scientist' (Cantarini Fellowship of the Institut Pasteur and Fellowship of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientific (CNRS), France) in the laboratory of Professor M. Hofnung, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. In 1999, he joined as a Senior Scientist (leading the group Drinking Water Microbiology) the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG). He gained teaching experience from the Universities of Tubingen and Hohenheim and ETH Zurich by conducting lectures, seminars and practical courses at undergraduate and graduate levels in the areas of microbiology, genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology and environmental science. His major areas of work and interest comprise: (1) survival strategies and molecular detection methods for bacteria in drinking water and environmental habitats, (2) membrane-associated transport phenomena in microbes, with focus on metal transport in bacteria, and (3) bioavailability and ecotoxicity of metals and hydrophobic organic compounds in green algae.

Texte du rabat
The IUPAC Series on Analytical and Physical Chemistry of Environmental Systems provides a critical evaluation of the state-of-the-art on physicochemical properties and processes in environmental systems, as well as on the analytical techniques required to study and monitor them. The series is aimed at promoting rigorous analysis and understanding of physicochemical functioning of environmental and bioenvironmental systems.

The effects and fate of organic and inorganic materials in environmental systems are determined by their distribution and transport within and between biotic and abiotic reservoirs. Development of mechanistic models to describe these processes requires an integrated approach with functional links between the various modes of transport of bioactive chemical species and the biophysical processes to which they are subjected. Until now, much of the key knowledge in this area has been dispersed over several rather poorly interacting disciplines. This timely book integrates these activities and highlights key directions for future research.

The book focuses on the physicochemical kinetics of processes in the interphasial region between organisms and their external medium, and coupling of these processes with the mass transfer of the chemical species involved. Specialized subtopics encompass:

• structure and permeative properties of biomembranes and their aqueous interfacial layers
• diffusive and convective processes at the biointerface
• routes for transport of chemical compounds across membranes,

• biological chemistry of organisms as relevant for e.g. the mobilization of essential chemicals in the medium.

  Physicochemical Kinetics and Transport at Biointerfaces will be a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in understanding the fundamentals of chemical kinetics and transport processes in bioenvironmental systems. The content is required reading for chemists, physicists and biologists in environmentally oriented disciplines.

Contenu
List of Contributors.

Series Preface.

Preface.

1. Physicochemical Kinetics and Transport at the Biointerface: Setting the Stage (W. Koster and H. P. van Leeuwen).

2. Molecular Modelling of Biological Membranes: Structure and Permeation Properties (F. A. M. Leermakers and J. M. Kleijn).

3. Biointerfaces and Mass Transfer (H. P. van Leeuwen and J. Galceran).

4. Dynamics of Biouptake Processes: the Role of Transport, Adsorption and Internalisation (J. Galceran and H. P. van Leeuwen).

5. Chemical Speciation of Organics and of Metals at Biological Interphases (B. I. Escher and L. Sigg).

6. Transport of Solutes Across Biological Membranes: Prokaryotes (W. Ko?ster).

7. Transport of Solutes Across Biological Membranes in Eukaryotes: an Environmental Perspective (R. D. Handy and F. B. Eddy).

8. Transport of Colloids and Particles Across Biological Membranes (M. G. Taylor and K. Simkiss).

9. Mobilisation of Organic Compounds and Iron by Microorganisms (H. Harms and L. Y. Wick).

10. Critical Evaluation of the Physi cochemical Parameters and Processes for Modelling the Biological Uptake of Trace Metals in Environmental (Aquatic) Systems (K. J. Wilkinson and J. Buffle).