An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice

An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice: Theory, Methods, and Applications presents the applications of economic theory and econometric methods to various problems in criminology.
The book is divided into three parts. Part I discusses models of criminal recidivism. The second part tackles the economic model of crime. Part III estimates cost functions for prisons. Specific chapters in the book cover topics on statistical analysis of qualitative outcomes; analysis of two measures of criminal activity: the arrest rate and the conviction rate; and long-run estimate of cost function for a group of Federal Correctional Institutions.
Economists, correctional administrators, and criminal justice professionals will find the book a great source of information and insight.

Contenu

Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments

1. Introduction
   Text
   I. Statistical Analyses of Recidivism
   Text
   
   2. Statistical Analysis of Qualitative Outcomes
      2.1. Introduction
      2.2. Least Squares with Dummy Variables
      2.3. The Logit Model
      2.4. The Polytomous Logit Model
      2.5. Logit Models with Only Qualitative Regressors
      2.6. Probit Models
      2.7. Discriminant Analysis versus Logit Analysis
      Notes
   3. Logit Analysis of the Nature of Criminal Activity
      3.1. Introduction
      3.2. Data
      3.3. Analysis of Seriousness of Criminal Activity
      3.4. Further Results on Seriousness of Criminal Activity
      3.5. Analysis of Type of Criminal Activity
      3.6. Further Results on Type of Criminal Activity
      3.7. Summary and Conclusions
      Notes
   4. Statistical Analysis of Censored or Truncated Outcomes
      4.1. Introduction
      4.2. The Truncated Normal Model
      4.3. The Censored Normal (Tobit) Model
      4.4. A Two-Part Tobit Model
      4.5. Sample Selection Model
      4.6. The Simultaneous Tobit Model
      4.7. Summary
   5. Tobit Analysis of the Total Length of Time Sentenced for Recidivist Offenses
      5.1. Introduction
      5.2. Analysis of the 1969 and 1971 Data
      5.3. Analysis of the 1975 Data
      5.4. Analysis of Subsamples of the 1975 Data
      5.5. Summary and Conclusions
      Notes
   6. Statistical Analysis of Survival Times
      6.1. Introduction
      6.2. The Exponential Case
      6.3. The Lognormal Case
      6.4. Split Population Models
      6.5. The Hazard Rate
      6.6. Heterogenity versus State Dependence
      6.7. The Proportional Hazards Model
      6.8. Summary and Conclusions
      Notes
   7. Analysis of the Length of Time until Recidivism
      7.1. Introduction
      7.2. Analysis of the 1969 and 1971 Data
      7.3. Analysis of the 1975 Data
      7.4. Analysis of Subsamples of the 1975 Data
      7.5. Summary and Conclusions
      Notes
   8. Use of Models of Recidivism for Program Evaluation
      8.1. Introduction
      8.2. Techniques for Program Evaluation
      8.3. The Program and the Data
      8.4. Evaluation Based on Length of Time Sentenced
      8.5. Evaluation Based on Length of Time until Recidivism
      8.6. Summary and Conclusions
      Notes
      II. Testing the Economic Model of Crime
      Text
   9. Economic Models of Criminal Behavior
      9.1. Introduction
      9.2. The Theory of Consumer Demand and Labor Supply
      9.3. Behavior toward Risk
      9.4. A Simple Economic Model of Crime
      9.5. A Simple Model of the Allocation of Time to Crime
      9.6. Another Time Allocation Model
      9.7. A More Complex Model of the Allocation of Time
      9.8. A Survey of Economic Models of Crime
      9.9. Summary and Conclusions
      Appendix 9.1. Derivation of Comparative Static Results for the Model of Section 9.5
      Appendix 9.2. Analysis of a Model in Which Time Enters the Utility Function
      Notes
   10. Estimating a Simple Economic Model of Criminal Behavior
       10.1. Introduction
       10.2. An Empirical Model of Criminal Activity
       10.3. Estimates of a Model for All Criminal Behavior
       10.4. Results for Specific Types of Offenses
       10.5. Summary and Conclusions
       Notes
   11. Labor Markets for Prison Releasees
       11.1. Introduction
       11.2. An Empirical Model of Postrelease Labor Market Performance
       11.3. Empirical Results for Wages after Release
       11.4. Empirical Results for Work Stability
       11.5. An Assessment of the Evidence on Postrelease Labor Market Performance
       11.6. Summary and Conclusions
       Appendix 11.1. Comparison of Studies of Labor Market Performance of Prison Releases
       Notes
   12. An Estimate of a Simultaneous Model of Criminal Behavior and Labor Market Success
       12.1. Introduction
       12.2. The Empirical Model
       12.3. The Empirical Results
       12.4. Summary and Conclusions
       Notes
       III. The Use of Production and Cost Theory in Criminal Justice Research
       Text
   13. Modern Production and Cost Theory and Its Use in the Study of Production in Public Organizations
       13.1. Introduction
       13.2. The Basic Theory of Cost and Production
       13.3. Some Extension of Cost and Production Theory
       13.4. Adaptations of Simple Production and Cost Theory
       13.5. Summary and Conclusions
       Notes
   14. A Model of Costs for Large-Scale Prisons
       14.1. Introduction
       14.2. The Relationship of the Prison System to Other Organizations
       14.3. The Goals of Prison Systems
       14.4. What Is the Productive Unit and What Does It Produce?
       14.5. A Long-Run Cost Model for Large-Scale Prisons
       14.6. A Short-Run Cost Model for Large-Scale Prisons
       14.7. Summary and Conclusions
       Notes 312
   15. Short-Run Cost Functions for Large-Scale Prisons (with Pamela Reid)
       15.1. Introduction
       15.2. Empirical Results for Federal Prisons
       15.3. Empirical Results for California Prisons
       15.4. Policy Implications and Possible Uses of the Short-Run Results
       15.5. Summary and Conclusions
       Appendix 15.1. Determination of the Shape of the Average Cost Function for Two Specific Parametric Combinations
       Notes
   16. Long-Run Cost Functions for Federal Correctional Institutions (with William Trumbull and Diane Woodbury)
       16.1. Introduction
       16.2. The Data
       16.3. Empirical Results
       16.4. Summary and Conclusions
       Notes
   17. Summary and Conclusions
       17.1. Introduction
       17.2. Summary of Part I
       17.3. Conclusions from Part I
       17.4. Summary of Part II
       17.5. Conclusions from Part II
       17.6. Summary of Part III
       17.7. Conclusions from Part III
       17.8. General Conclusions
       Appendix A. Description of the 1969 and 1971 North Carolina Department of Correction Data Set
       Text
       Appendix B. Description of the 1975 Data Set
       Text
       Appendix C. Description of Data Used to Estimate Cost Functions
       C.l. The Data Available for the Federal Prison System
       C.2. The Data Available for the California Prison System
       C.3. Evaluation of the Data Bases 395
       Notes
       References
       Index