New Directions in Empirical Translation Process Research

This volume provides a comprehensive introduction to the Translation Process Research Database (TPR-DB), which was compiled by the Centre for Research and Innovation in Translation and Technologies (CRITT). The TPR-DB is a unique resource featuring more than 500 hours of recorded translation process data, augmented with over 200 different rich annotations. Twelve chapters describe the diverse research directions this data can support, including the computational, statistical and psycholinguistic modeling of human translation processes.

In the first chapters of this book, the reader is introduced to the CRITT TPR-DB. This is followed by two main parts, the first of which focuses on usability issues and details of implementing interactive machine translation. It also discusses the use of external resources and translator-information interaction. The second part addresses the cognitive and statistical modeling of human translation processes, including co-activation at the lexical, syntactic and discourse levels, translation literality, and various annotation schemata for the data.

Auteur

About the Book Editors

Michael Carl is an Associate Professor for Human and Machine Translation at the Copenhagen Business School, Denmark. His current research interest is related to the investigation of human translation processes and interactive machine translation. Dr. Carl studied computer sciences and computational linguistics in Berlin, Paris and Hong Kong. He obtained his PhD from the Saarland University in 2001.

Srinivas Bangalore is a Lead Inventive Scientist at Interactions LLC in New Jersey, USA. His current research interests include natural language processing, speech-to-speech translation, and machine learning. He has co-edited two books, published over 100 technical papers and has over 80 patents in these areas. He received a PhD in 1997 from University of Pennsylvania in Computer Science and was awarded the AT&T Science and Technology Medal in 2009.

Moritz Schaeffer is a postdoctoral researcher at the Center for Research and Innovation in Translation and Translation Technology (CRITT) at the Copenhagen Business School. His primary research interests are cognitive modelling of the human translation process, human-computer interaction in the context of translation, and the psychology of reading. His previous research includes bilingual memory during translation, the role of shared semantics and syntax during translation, and error detection in reading for translation.

List of contributing authors

Adriana Pagano is Professor in Translation Studies at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, where she directs MA dissertations and doctoral theses in the Graduate Programme in Linguistics and Applied Linguistics and conducts research at the Laboratory for Experimentation in Translation. Her research interests include domain knowledge in translation tasks; expertise and expert knowledge in translation; and quality assessment in translation from anend-user perspective.

Ana L. V. Leal is Assistant Professor at Department of Portuguese, University of Macau. She holds a PhD in Computer Science from the University of Évora, Portugal and a Master's Degree in Applied Linguistics from Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. She is the principal investigator in the AuTema-Dis II, AuTema-Syntree and AuTema-PostEd projects with Research Grants of University of Macau.

Annegret Sturm received an intermediate diploma in interpreting from the University of Leipzig and her MA in Translation Studies from the University of Geneva. Her main research interests are the role of social cognition in translation and the role of metacognitive proficiency in translation processes.

Arlene Koglin is a PhD candidate in Translation Studies at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil). She holds a Master's degree in Translation Studies from the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Brazil). Her current research and publications focus on post-editing, translation process, metaphor, cognitive effort and eye tracking.

Arndt Heilmann is a student of English Studies and Political Sciences in his final Master's semester and a prospective doctoral student at the English Linguistics Department at the RWTH Aachen in Germany. Currently he is employed as a research assistant at the department's eye-tracking laboratory helping to prepare and conduct experiments. Apart from politics, his field of interest is cognitive linguistics and, related to this, translation studies.

Arnt Lykke Jakobsen was professor of translation and translation technology at Copenhagen Business School (CBS) until his retirement at the end of 2013. A growing interest in translation processes and methods of exploring them led to his invention of the keylog software program Translog in 1995. In 2005 he established CRITT, the CBS Centre for research and innovation in translation and translation technology, which he directed until his retirement. The main focus of research here has been on developing and exploiting a methodology for translation process research using keylogging and eyetracking.

Arthur de Melo Sá is currently pursuing his MA degree in Applied Linguistics (Translation Studies) at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil. He also has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Letters (English and Translation Studies). He is a researcher at the UFMG's Laboratory for Experimentation in Translation (LETRA) and a member of research groups on Systemic-Functional Modelling of Translation and Multilingual Text Production.

Barbara Dragsted is associate professor at the Department of International Business Communication, Copenhagen Business School, where she teaches specialised communication and translation and is involved in various research projects under the Center for Research and Innovation in Translation and Translation Technology (CRITT). Her research interests include cognitive processes in translation, translation technology and LSP communication and translation.

Bartolomé Mesa-Lao holds a PhD in translation technologies and is a research affiliate at the CRITT - Copenhagen Business School. He is also a visiting lecturer at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain) and the Università degli Studi di Genova (Italy). His current research interests are in translator-computer interaction, translation technologies, the impact of computer-aided translation and post-editing workflows and the changes brought about by processes of globalization in translator training.

Bergljot Behrens is an Associate Professor of English linguistics and translation studies, Department of Literature, Area studies and European Languages, University of Oslo, Norway. She has taught semantics and pragmatics, translation and translation theory for many years. Her research has centered on contrastive linguistics, discourse representation, and translation, from a qualitative semantic/pragmatic viewpoint, and from a quantitative viewpoint.

Dagmara Plonska is a PhD student at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Warsaw. In June 2015 she submitted a PhD dissertation entitled "Strategies activated in the process of written translation: Factors of translation competence". She holds a Master's degree in applied linguistics from the University of Warsaw. She has spent six months as an intern at the Center for Research and Innovation in Translation and Translation Technology at Copenhagen Business School.

Daniel Ortiz-Martínez is a member of the PRHLT research center, and an assistant professor in the Statistics Department of the Technical University of Valencia. His research interests include pattern recognition and its application to statistical machine translation. He has worked in several research projects including the MIPRCV and the CASMACAT projects.

Derek F.Wong received the Ph.D. degree in Automation from…