Design and Installation of Marine Pipelines

This comprehensive handbook on submarine pipeline systems covers a broad spectrum of topics from planning and site investigations, procurement and design, to installation and commissioning. It considers guidelines for the choice of design parameters, calculation methods and construction procedures. It is based on limit state design with partial safety coefficients.

Auteur

Mikael Braestrup and Jan B. Andersen are the authors of Design and Installation of Marine Pipelines, published by Wiley.

Contenu
Preface. About the authors.

Glossary and notation.

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION.

Chapter 2 BASES FOR DESIGN.

2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Basic Requirements; 2.2.1 Functional Requirements; 2.2.2 Authorities' Requirements; 2.2.3 Environmental Impact; 2.3 Flow Calculations; 2.3.1 General; 2.3.2 Operational Parameters; 2.3.3 Pipeline Size Determination; 2.3.4 Flow Simulations; 2.4 Site Investigations; 2.4.1 General; 2.4.2 Geophysical Survey; 2.4.3 Geotechnical Survey; 2.4.4 Soil Sampling and In-situ Testing; 2.4.5 Laboratory Testing; 2.5 Meteo-Marine Data; 2.5.1 General; 2.5.2 Wind, Waves and Current; 2.5.3 Collection of Wave Data; 2.5.4 Design parameters; 2.6 Route Selection; 2.6.1 General; 2.6.2 Alignment Sheets.

Chapter 3 MATERIALS.

3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Soil Materials; 3.2.1 General; 3.2.2 Seabed Soil Classification; 3.2.3 Backfill Materials; 3.3 Linepipe Materials; 3.3.1 General; 3.3.2 Strength, Toughness and Weldability; 3.3.3 Sour Service Resistance; 3.3.4 Steel Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance; 3.4 Sacrificial Anodes; 3.4.1 General; 3.4.2 Zinc Alloy; 3.4.3 Aluminium Alloy; 3.5 Pipeline Component Materials; 3.5.1 General; 3.5.2 Component Materials for Sour Service; 3.6 Coating and Insulation Materials; 3.6.1 General; 3.6.2 Material Properties.

Chapter 4 LOADS.

4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Functional Loads; 4.2.1 General; 4.2.2 Internal Pressure; 4.2.3 Pressure Control Systems; 4.2.4 Temperature; 4.3 Environmental Loads; 4.3.1 General; 4.3.2 Hydrodynamic Forces; 4.3.3 Hydrodynamic Force Coefficients; 4.4 Accidental Loads; 4.4.1 General; 4.4.2 Dropped Object Loads; 4.4.3 Trawl Loads; 4.5 Installation Loads.

Chapter 5 RISK AND SAFETY.

5.1 Introduction;5.2 Safety Policy and Philosophy;5.3 Risk Management.

5.3.1 General;5.3.2 Hazard Identification;5.4 Risk Acceptance Criteria;5.4.1 General;5.4.2 Cost Benefit Analysis; 5.5 Risk Assessment;5.5.1 General;5.5.2 Risk Reducing Measures;5.5.3 Example: Risk of Anchor Damage;5.6 Special Risk Aspects;5.6.1 Subsea Isolations Valves;5.6.2 Flanged vs Welded Connections;5.6.3 Corrosion in HP/HT Pipelines; 5.7 Statistical Data.

Chapter 6 DESIGN.

6.1 Design Conditions;6.1.1 Codes and Standards; 6.1.2 Serviceability Limit States (SLS); 6.1.3 Ultimate Limit States (ULS);6.1.4 Partial Safety Coefficients;6.2 Wall Thickness Determination; 6.2.1 General; 6.2.2 Design Methods; 6.2.3 Location Class Definition; 6.2.4 Wall Thickness According to DNV OS-F101; 6.2.5 Code Comparison and National Wall Thickness Regulations; 6.2.6 Trawling and Hydrostatic Pressure; 6.2.7 Wall Thickness Design Example; 6.3 Hydrodynamic Stability; 6.3.1 General; 6.3.2 Design Activities; 6.3.3 Design Conditions and Requirements; 6.3.4 Static Stability Design Format; 6.3.5 Dynamic Stability Design Format; 6.3.6 Pipe-Soil Interaction; 6.4 Free Span Evaluation; 6.4.1 General; 6.4.2 Free Span Classification; 6.4.3 Pipeline and Free Span Data; 6.4.4 Static Analysis; 6.4.5 Dynamic Analysis; 6.4.6 Fatigue Analysis; 6.5 Expansion and Global Buckling; 6.5.1 General; 6.5.2 Pipeline Expansion ; 6.5.3 Pipeline Buckling; 6.5.4 Upheaval Buckling; 6.6 Corrosion Prevention and Insulation; 6.6.1 General; 6.6.2 Corrosion of Steel in Seawater; 6.6.3 Internal Corrosion Prevention; 6.6.4 External Barrier Coating; 6.6.5 Thermal Insulation; 6.7 Cathodic Protection; 6.7.1 General; 6.7.2 Protective Potential and Current Requirements; 6.7.3 Hydrogen Embrittlement; 6.7.4 Sacrificial Anode Design; 6.7.5 Impressed Current; 6.7.6 Electrical Isolation; 6.7.7 Stray Current Interference; 6.8 Bends, Components and Structures; 6.8.1 General; 6.8.2 Fittings; 6.8.3 Valves and Other Components; 6.8.4 Structures.

Chapter 7 FABRICATION. 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Linepipe Production; 7.2.1 General; 7.2.2 Standardisation; 7.2.3 Seamless Pipe; 7.2.4 Welded Pipes; 7.2.5 Specified Properties of Linepipe Steels; 7.2.6 Hot Formed Bends; 7.2.7 Cladding, Lining and Weld-Overlaying; 7.2.8 Testing During Pipe Manufacture; 7.3 Internal Coating; 7.3.1 General; 7.3.2 Surface Preparation; 7.3.3 Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE); 7.3.4 Epoxy Paint; 7.3.5 Inspection and Testing of Epoxy Paint; 7.4 External Anti-Corrosion Coating; 7.4.1 General; 7.4.2 Surface Preparation; 7.4.3 Asphalt Enamel; 7.4.4 Three-Layer Polyolefin Coatings (PE/PU/PP); 7.4.5 Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE); 7.4.6 Elastomer Coating (Neoprene); 7.4.7 Thermal Insulation; 7.4.8 Inspection and Testing; 7.4.9 Other Coating Systems; 7.5 Anode Manufacture; 7.5.1 General; 7.5.2 Reinforcement Insert; 7.5.3 Alloy Materials; 7.5.4 Casting; 7.5.5 Anode Defects; 7.5.6 Electrical Connections; 7.5.7 Painting and Marking; 7.5.8 Inspection and Testing; 7.6 Anode Installation; 7.6.1 General; 7.6.2 Anode Mounting; 7.6.2 Electrical Connection; 7.6.3 ...