The book presents the state of the art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of vector-based systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions cover computational fluid dynamics, fluid-structure interaction, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, and climate research. Innovative fields like coupled multi-physics or multi-scale simulations are presented. All papers were chosen from presentations given at the 9th Teraflop Workshop held in November 2008 at Tohoku University, Japan, and the 10th Teraflop Workshop held in April 2009 at Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart (HLRS), Germany.

Résumé
This book covers the results of the Tera op Workbench, other projects related to High Performance Computing, and the usage of HPC installations at HLRS. The Tera op Workbench project is a collaboration between the High Performance C- puting Center Stuttgart (HLRS) and NEC Deutschland GmbH (NEC-HPCE) to s- port users in achieving their research goals using High Performance Computing. The rst stage of the Tera op Workbench project (20042008) concentrated on user's applications and their optimization for the former ag ship of HLRS, a - node NEC SX-8 installation. During this stage, numerous individual codes, dev- oped and maintained by researchers or commercial organizations, have been a- lyzed and optimized. Within the project, several of the codes have shown the ability to outreach the TFlop/s threshold of sustained performance. This created the pos- bility for new science and a deeper understanding of the underlying physics. The second stage of the Tera op Workbench project (20082012) focuses on c- rent and future trends of hardware and software developments. We observe a strong tendency to heterogeneous environments on the hardware level, while at the same time, applications become increasingly heterogeneous by including multi-physics or multi-scale effects. The goal of the current studies of the Tera op Workbench is to gain insight in the developments of both components. The overall target is to help scientists to run their application in the most ef cient and most convenient way on the hardware best suited for their purposes.

Contenu
Petaflop/s Computing.- Lessons Learned from 1-Year Experience with SX-9 and Toward the Next Generation Vector Computing.- BSC-CNS Research and Supercomputing Resources.- Challenges and Opportunities of Hybrid Computing Systems.- Going Forward with GPU Computing.- Optical Interconnection Technology for the Next Generation Supercomputers.- HPC Architecture from Application Perspectives.- Strategies.- A Language for Fortran Source to Source Transformation.- The SX-Linux Project: A Progress Report.- Development of APIs for Desktop Supercomputing.- The Grid Middleware on SX and Its Operation for Nation-Wide Service.- Applications.- From Static Domains to Graph Decomposition for Heterogeneous Cluster Programming.- Computational fluid dynamics.- Direct Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Shear Flows.- Large-Scale Flow Computation of Complex Geometries by Building-Cube Method.- A New Parallel SPH Method for 3D Free Surface Flows.- Climate modeling.- The Agulhas System as a Prime Example for the Use of Nesting Capabilities in Ocean Modelling.- Seamless Simulations in Climate Variability and HPC.- Computational Physics.- Construction of Vibration Table in an Extended World for Safety Assessment of Nuclear Power Plants.- Understanding Electron Transport in Atomic Nanowires from Large-Scale Numerical Calculations.- Multi-scale Simulations for Laser Plasma Physics.