Metals and Micronutrients

Metals and Micronutrients: Uptake and Utilization by Plants contains the contributions of invited speakers at 1981 Easter meeting of the Phytochemical Society of Europe. The meeting brings together chemists, biochemists, physiologists, and agronomists to discuss aspects of phytometallurgy-how plants extract,accumulate, and use metals.
The order of chapters in this book is meant to emphasize stages in the sequence, that is, uptake-incorporation-function. This book first describes the process of absorption of metals and micronutrients in plants, as well as the influences of the environment. This text then talks about the aspects of the movement and storage of iron and its incorporation into prosthetic groups. Some ways in which metals are involved in physiological and metabolic processes in plants are explained.
This reference material will be valuable to senior undergraduates and postgraduates in this field of interest.

Contenu

Contributors
Preface
Part 1
Chapter 1 Uptake of Cations and Their Transport within the Plant
I. Introduction
II. Entry and Translocation of Cations
III. Regulation of Ion Content in Whole Plants
References
Chapter 2 Mycorrhizal Fungi and Ion Uptake
I. Introduction
II. Biology and Function of Mycorrhizas
III. Phosphorus Uptake, Translocation, and Transfer Processes
IV. Uptake of Trace Metals by Mycorrhizal Plants
V. Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Adaptation to Salinity in Angiosperm Halophytes
I. Introduction
II. Osmotic Stress and Adjustment
III. Metabolism at Low Water Potentials
IV. Sub-cellular Ion Localization
V. Intracellular Osmotic Adjustment
VI. Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 4 Adaptation to Toxic Metals
I. Introduction
II. Metal Exclusion and Restrictions in Transport
III. Index Plants
IV. Accumulator Species
V. Discussion
References
Chapter 5 Potassium Transport and the Plasma Membrane-ATPase in Plants
I. Introduction
II. K+ Transport in Mammalian and Fungal Cells
III. K+ Transport in Higher Plant Cells
References
Chapter 6 Boron and Membrane Function in Plants
I. Introduction
II. Possible Roles of Boron
III. Effects on Membrane Function
IV. Direct Interactions of Boron with Membranes
V. NMR Studies
VI. Conclusions
References
Part 2
Chapter 7 Phytoferritin and its Role in Iron Metabolism
I. Introduction
II. Regulation of Iron Uptake
III. Ferritin
References
Chapter 8 Ferrochelatase
I. Introduction
II. Localization of Ferrochelatase
III. The Porphyrin Specificity of Ferrochelatase
IV. The Metal Ion Specificity
V. Permeability Properties of Mitochondria and Their Effects on Ferrochelatase
VI. Ferrochelatase of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
VII. Factors Affecting the Activity of Ferrochelatase
Reference
Part 3
Chapter 9 Metals and Photosynthesis
I. Introduction
II. Metals in Photosynthetic Electron Transport
III. Counter-Ion Movement and Control of the Calvin Cycle
IV. The Electrical Diffuse Double Layer
V. Conclusions
References
Chapter 10 Characteristics of the Higher Plant Respiratory Chain
I. Introduction
II. Components of the Respiratory Chain
III. Special Features of the Respiratory Chain in Plants
IV. Conclusions
References
Chapter 11 Calmodulin Activation of NAD Kinase and its Role in the Metabolic Regulation of Plants
I. Introduction
II. Molecular Properties of Calmodulin
III. Interaction of Calmodulin with NAD Kinase
IV. Possible Significance of Calmodulin in Plants
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 12 Micronutrients and Nitrate Reductase
I. Introduction
II. Purification and Composition of Nitrate Reductase
III. Molybdenum Requirement of Plants
IV. Beneficial Effect of Tungsten
V. Effect of Manganese
VI. Proposed Reaction Mechanism of Nitrate Reductase
References
Chapter 13 Selenium and Plant Metabolism
I. Introduction
II. Comparative Chemistry of Selenium and Sulphur
III. Factors Affecting the Selenium Content of Plants
IV. Chemical Forms of Selenium in Plants
V. Sulphur/Selenium Antagonisms in Plants
VI. Metabolism of Selenium in Plants
VII. Is Selenium Essential for Plant Growth?
References
Chapter 14 A Perspective of Mineral Nutrition: Essential and Functional Metals in Plants
I. Introduction
II. Accountable Proportions of Some Micronutrients
III. Molybdenum-Tungsten Interactions: Proposal for Competition between Storage and Enzyme Complexes
IV. Effect of Alternative Metabolic Pathways on Metal Requirements
V. Comparative Aspects of Nutritional Functions
VI. Conclusions
References
Epilogue
Index