Local Energy Autonomy

In recent years, interest for local energy production, supply and consumption has increased in academic and public debates. In particular, contemporary energy transition discourses and strategies often emphasize the search for increased local energy autonomy, a phrase which can refer to a diverse range of configurations, both in terms of the spaces and scales of the local territory considered and in terms of what is meant by energy autonomy. This book explores policies, projects and processes aimed at increased local energy autonomy, with a particular focus on their spatial, infrastructural and political dimensions. In doing so, the authors - Sabine Barles, Bruno Barroca, Guilhem Blanchard, Benoit Boutaud, Arwen Colell, Gilles Debizet, Ariane Debourdeau, Laure Dobigny, Florian Dupont, Zélia Hampikian, Sylvy Jaglin, Allan Jones, Raphael Ménard, Alain Nadaï, Angela Pohlmann, Cyril Roger-Lacan, Eric Vidalenc - improve our understanding of the always partial and controversial processes of energy relocation that articulate forms of local metabolic self-sufficiency, socio-technical decentralization and political empowerment. Comprising fifteen chapters, the book is divided into four parts: Governance and Actors; Urban Projects and Energy Systems; Energy Communities; and The Challenges of Energy Autonomy.

Auteur

Fanny Lopez is Associate Professor at the École d'architecture de la ville et des territoires at Marne-la-Vallée, Paris-Est University, France.

Margot Pellegrino is Associate Professor at Marne-la-Vallée, Paris-Est University, France.

Olivier Coutard is a full-time CNRS Researcher at LATTS (Research Center on Technologies, Territories and Societies), Paris-Est University, France.

Contenu

Foreword xiii

Introduction xv
Fanny LOPEZ, Margot PELLEGRINO and Olivier COUTARD

Part 1. Governance and Actors 1

Chapter 1. Urban Planning and Energy: New Relationships, New Local Governance 3
Cyril ROGER-LACAN

1.1. Distributed energy: the constant adaptation of urban areas 4

1.2. Sustainable cities and new energy systems: from harmonization to a common origin 9

1.3. Reshaping local governance 12

1.4. References 17

Chapter 2. Decentralized Energy and Cities: Tools and Levers for Urban Energy Decentralization 19
Allan JONES MBE

2.1. Introduction 19

2.2. Background 20

2.3. Woking, UK 20

2.4. London, UK 22

2.5. Sydney, Australia 24

2.5.1. Background 24

2.5.2. Sustainable Sydney 2030 25

2.5.3. Green Infrastructure Plan 26

2.5.4. Trigeneration Master Plan 26

2.5.5. Renewable Energy Master Plan 27

2.5.6. Advanced Waste Treatment Master Plan 29

2.5.7. CitySwitch Green Office Program 30

2.5.8. Better Buildings Partnership 31

2.5.9. Environmental Upgrade Agreements 31

2.5.10. City of Sydney Projects 33

2.5.11. Carbon-neutral Sydney 34

2.5.12. Conclusion 35

2.6. Seoul, South Korea 37

2.6.1. Background 37

2.6.2. Fukushima nuclear disaster 37

2.6.3. One Less Nuclear Power Plant 38

2.6.4. Seoul International Energy Advisory Council 39

2.6.5. International Energy Advisory Council 40

2.6.6. One Less Nuclear Power Plant, Phase 2 Seoul Sustainable Energy Action Plan 40

2.6.7. Seoul Energy Corporation 41

2.6.8. Interregional cooperation 43

2.6.9. Conclusion 43

2.7. Overall conclusions 44

2.8. References 46

Chapter 3. The Third Industrial Revolution in Hauts-de-France: Moving Toward Energy Autonomy? 47
Eric VIDALENC

3.1. The industrial revolutions in the region 48

3.1.1. The cornerstones of the first industrial revolution 48

3.1.2. The successors of the second industrial revolution: the automotive industry and electricity 50

3.2. The TIR's resources in Hauts-de-France 54

3.2.1. An expanded view of some of the local expertise 55

3.2.2. The basis of local ecosystems 55

3.2.3. Strong political backing 56

3.2.4. The expansion of the TRI/REV3 brand 57

3.2.5. Multiple financial tools 57

3.2.6. Subregional territorialization: energy subsidiarity 58

3.2.7. Network managers are changing their views 59

3.3. Initial assessments and analyses 60

3.3.1. Late, but still a strong objective 60

3.3.2. An update on the TRI/REV3 trajectories 61

3.3.3. A techno-centered vision 63

3.3.4. Tensions regarding the priorities and temporalities 64

3.3.5. From solidarity to regional autonomy through energy subsidiarity 65

3.4. References 67

Chapter 4. Rethinking Reliability and Solidarity through the Prism of Interconnected Autonomies 69
Gilles DEBIZET

4.1. Introduction 69

4.2. Four prospective scenarios for urbanized spaces 71

4.2.1. Large companies 72

4.2.2. Local authorities 72

4.2.3. Cooperative stakeholders 73

4.2.4. Regulating state 74

4.3. Intermediaries with new energy autonomies 75

4.3.1. Energy storage as an essential factor of autonomy 75

4.3.2. Energy autonomies as organizations 76

4.3.3. A combination of different energy scenarios according to the regions 77

4.4. A variety of decision-making scales relating to energy infrastructure 77

4.4.1. The country and the continent 78

4.4.2. Housing 78

4.4.3. The building 78

4.4.4. The district 79 ...