Kinetic Processes in Gases and Plasmas

Kinetic Processes in Gases and Plasmas provides a survey of studies on transport and chemical kinetic processes in high temperature gases and plasmas.

The book is concerned with conditions produced by the interaction of an object with the atmosphere at hypersonic velocities. The text also provides a foundation for the flow field equations which include chemical reactions and other transport processes, and to present in some detail the microscopic considerations underlying these calculations. Chapters are devoted to the discussion of topics such as the molecular theory of transport equations; transport processes in ionized gases; and inelastic energy transfer processes and chemical kinetics.

Aerospace engineers, physicists, chemists, and astrophysicists will find the book a good reference material.

Contenu

List of Contributors

Preface

I. Introduction to the Molecular-Transport Equations of Dilute Gases

I. Introduction to Statistical Mechanics

II. Relaxation-Time Spectrum

III. Introduction to Transport Equations

IV. Equations of Motion and Kinetic Equations

V. Stochastic Equations and Kinetic Equations

References

II. Derivation of Hydrodynamic Equations from the Boltzmann Equation

I. Introduction

II. Physical Basis for Hydrodynamic Equations

III. The Boltzmann Equation and the Equations of Change

IV. Chapman-Enskog Expansion Method

V. Hydrodynamic Equations for "Almost-Frozen" Flow

VI. Hydrodynamic Equations for Local Chemical Equilibrium

VII. Hydrodynamic Equations for a System in Which the Vibrational Temperature Is Not Equal to the Translational Temperature

VIII. Conclusion

References

III. Transport in Neutral Gases

I. Introduction

II. General Theory

III. Viscosity

IV. Thermal Conductivity

V. Diffusion

VI. Pressure Diffusion and Thermal Diffusion

VII. Summary of Calculation Recipes

VIII. Determination of Intermolecular Forces

IX. Available Tabulations

References

IV. Kinetic Equations for Fully Ionized Plasmas

I. Introduction

II. Liouville Equation and BBGKY Hierarchy

III. Vlasov Equation

IV. Generalized Fokker-Planck Equation for Slowly and Rapidly Varying Processes

V. Lenard-Balescu Equation

VI. Fokker-PIanck Equation with Memory

VII. Silin Kinetic Equation for Rapidly Varying Processes

VIII. Linearization

Appendix. Derivation of the Shielding Function

References

V. The Boltzmann and Fokker-Planck Equations

I. Introduction

II. Derivation of the Fokker-Planck Equation from the Boltzmann Equation

III. Derivation of the Fokker-Planck Equation from a Markov Process

IV. Derivation of the Boltzmann and Fokker-Planck Equations from the Liouville Equation

References

VI. Calculations of Transport Coefficients in Ionized Gases

Introduction

I. Macroscopic Rates and Transport Coefficients for Plasma

II. Continuity Equation and Current Transport Coefficients

III. Ambipolar Electron Diffusion

IV. AC Electric Conductivity and Dielectric Constant

V. Energy Equation and Energy Transport Coefficients

VI. Thermoelectric Effect and Effective Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity

VII. Einstein and Onsager Relations Between Current and Energy Transport Coefficients

VIII. Generalized Wiedmann-Franz Law

IX. Discussion of the Kinetic Description of Ionized Gases

X. General Form of the Collision Integral

XI. Spherical Harmonics Expansion and Logarithmic Cutoffs

XII. Transport Properties in Slightly Ionized Gases

XIII. Transport Properties Including Electron-Electron Collisions

XIV. General Ohm's Law and Hall Conductivities

XV. Ion Contributions to the Transport Properties in Plasmas

XVI. Convergence of the Laguerre Expansion for Electron Transport Coefficients

XVII. Summary of Notations, Examples, and Numerical Results for Electron Transport Coefficients

Appendix A. Laguerre Polynomials and Products

Appendix B. Elements of 20 x 20 Matrix

References

VII. Chemical Reactions in High-Temperature Gases as Collision Processes

I. Introduction

II. The Place of Chemical Kinetics in the Domain of Collision Processes

III. Gaseous Statistics and the Boltzmann Equation for Chemical Reactions

IV. Collisions

V. Reaction Cross Sections and Reaction Rates

References

VIII. Rate Coefficients, Reaction Cross Sections, and Microscopic Reversibility

I. Introduction

II. Reaction Cross Sections and Rate Coefficients

III. Examples of Relation between sK and ks

IV. Microscopic Reversibility and Detailed Balance

References

IX. Triple Collisions and Termolecular Reaction Rates

Introduction

I. The Standard Gas-Kinetic Triple Cross Section

II. Bodenstein's Theory and the "Collision Time"

III. Repulsive Collisions

IV. Attractive Collisions: The Collision Lifetime

V. Lifetime and Binary Cross Sections

VI. Quantum Effects in the 2-Body Lifetime

VII. Electronic States and Curve Crossings

VIII. Modes of 3-Body Collision: Entry

IX. Modes of 3-Body Collision: Exit

X. Gradual Stabilization and Successive Collisions

XI. Many-Body Interactions

XII. Experiment and Theory

References

X. Methods for Calculating Inelastic Collision Cross Sections in Low-Energy Collisions

I. Introduction

II. Inelastic Collisions of Electrons with Atoms and Molecules

III. Slow Inelastic Collisions of Heavy Particles

IV. The Interaction Potentials

Appendix A. Coupling of Electronic and Nuclear Motions: The Born-Oppenheimer Terms

Appendix B. Close Coupling Calculations

References

Charts A, B, and C

References

Author Index

Subject Index