The question of how Donald Trump won the 2016 election looms over his presidency. In particular, were the 78,000 voters who gave him an Electoral College victory affected by the Russian trolls and hackers? Trump has denied it. So has Vladimir Putin. Others cast the answer as unknowable. In Cyberwar, Kathleen Hall Jamieson marshals the troll posts, unique polling data, analyses of how the press used hacked content, and a synthesis of half a century of media effects literature to argue that, although not certain, it is probable that the Russians helped elect the 45th president of the United States. In the process, she asks: How extensive was the troll messaging? What characteristics of social media did the Russians exploit? Why did the mainstream press rush the hacked content into the citizenry's newsfeeds? Was Clinton telling the truth when she alleged that the debate moderators distorted what she said in the leaked speeches? Did the Russian influence extend beyond social media and news to alter the behavior of FBI director James Comey? After detailing the ways in which Russian efforts were abetted by the press, social media, candidates, party leaders, and a polarized public, Cyberwar closes with a warning: the country is ill-prepared to prevent a sequel.

Auteur

Kathleen Hall Jamieson is Elizabeth Ware Packard Professor at Annenberg School for Communication of the University of Pennsylvania and Director of its Annenberg Public Policy Center and an award-winning scholar. She has authored many books, including Packaging the Presidency, Eloquence in an Electronic Age, Spiral of Cynicism (with Joseph Cappella), and The Obama Victory (with Kate Kenski and Bruce Hardy).

Contenu

Preface to the Paperback Prologue Introduction Part One: Who Did It, Why, and How It May Have Mattered Chapter One: How Do We Know that the Russians Meddled in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election? Chapter Two: A Theory of Communication that Posits Effects Part Two: The Pre-Requisites of Influence Chapter Three: Pre-Requisite One: Widespread Messaging Chapter Four: Pre-Requisite Two: Messages Aligned with Trump's Electoral Interests Chapter Five: Pre-Requisite Three: Messages to Mobilize Veterans and White Christians, Demobilizing Blacks and Sanders' Supporters, Shifting Liberals to Stein Chapter Six: Pre-Requisite Four: Well-Targeted Content Chapter Seven: Pre-Requisite Five: Persuasive Appeals Part Three: Exposure: How the Russians Affected the News and Debate Agendas in the Last Month of the Campaign Chapter Eight: The Russian Effect On Press Coverage in October Chapter Nine: The Effect of the Stolen Emails on the Last Two Presidential Debates Chapter Ten: The Russian Effect on the Media Agenda in the Last Days of the Election Part Four: What We Don't, Can't, and Do Know About How Russian Hackers and Trolls Helped Elect Donald J. Trump Afterword: Lessons Appendices Appendix One: Changes in Perceptions of Clinton and Trump in October Appendix Two: Debate 2 and Debate 3 Exposure Effect on Candidate Trait Evaluations Appendix Three: Association between Perception Changes and Vote Intentions References