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A comprehensive and user-friendly introduction to statistics for
behavioral science students--revised and updated
Refined over seven editions by master teachers, this book gives
instructors and students alike clear examples and carefully crafted
exercises to support the teaching and learning of statistics for
both manipulating and consuming data.
One of the most popular and respected statistics texts in the
behavioral sciences, the Seventh Edition of Introductory Statistics
for the Behavioral Sciences has been fully revised. The new edition
presents all the topics students in the behavioral sciences need in
a uniquely accessible and easy-to-understand format, aiding in the
comprehension and implementation of the statistical analyses most
commonly used in the behavioral sciences.
The Seventh Edition features:
A continuous narrative that clearly explains statistics while
tracking a common data set throughout, making the concepts
unintimidating and memorable, and providing a framework that
connects all of the topics and allows for easy comparison of
different statistical analyses
Coverage of important aspects of research design throughout the
text, such as the "correlation is not causality" principle
Updated and annotated SPSS output at the end of each chapter
with step-by-step instructions
Updated examples and exercises
An expanded website, at www.wiley.com/go/welkowitz, with test
bank, chapter quizzes, and PowerPoint slides for instructors, as
well as a second website for students with additional basic math
coverage, math review exercises, a study guide, a set of additional
SPSS exercises, and more downloadable data sets
Auteur
JOAN WELKOWITZ, PhD, (deceased) was professor of psychology at New York University. She directed the graduate clinical program for ten years. She taught courses in methodology and statistics at both the graduate and undergraduate levels for more than twenty-five years and?was the primary author of Introductory Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences.
BARRY H. COHEN, PhD, is the Director of the master's program in psychology at New York University, where he has been teaching statistics for more than twenty years. He is the coauthor of two other successful statistics books from Wiley—Explaining Psychological Statistics, Third Edition, and Essentials of Statistics for the Social and Behavioral Sciences.
R. BROOKE LEA, PhD, is professor and chair of the Psychology Department at Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota.?His research publications concern the comprehension processes that occur during reading of text and poetry.
Texte du rabat
A comprehensive and user-friendly introduction to statistics for behavioral science students—revised and updated
Refined over seven editions by master teachers, this book gives instructors and students alike clear examples and carefully crafted exercises to support the teaching and learning of statistics for both manipulating and consuming data.
One of the most popular and respected statistics texts in the behavioral sciences, the Seventh Edition of Introductory Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences has been fully revised. The new edition presents all the topics students in the behavioral sciences need in a uniquely accessible and easy-to-understand format, aiding in the comprehension and implementation of the statistical analyses most commonly used in the behavioral sciences.
The Seventh Edition features:
A continuous narrative that clearly explains statistics while tracking a common data set throughout, making the concepts unintimidating and memorable, and providing a framework that connects all of the topics and allows for easy comparison of different statistical analyses
Coverage of important aspects of research design throughout the text, such as the "correlation is not causality" principle
Updated and annotated SPSS output at the end of each chapter with step-by-step instructions
Updated examples and exercises
An expanded website, at www.wiley.com/go/welkowitz, with test bank, chapter quizzes, and PowerPoint slides for instructors, as well as a second website for students with additional basic math coverage, math review exercises, a study guide, a set of additional SPSS exercises, and more downloadable data sets
Contenu
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xix
Glossary of Symbols xxi
Part I Descriptive Statistics 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 3
Why Study Statistics? 4
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics 5
Populations, Samples, Parameters, and Statistics 6
Measurement Scales 7
Independent and Dependent Variables 10
Summation Notation 12
Ihno's Study 16
Summary 18
Exercises 19
Thought Questions 23
Computer Exercises 23
Bridge to SPSS 24
Chapter 2 Frequency Distributions and Graphs 26
The Purpose of Descriptive Statistics 27
Regular Frequency Distributions 28
Cumulative Frequency Distributions 30
Grouped Frequency Distributions 31
Real and Apparent Limits 33
Interpreting a Raw Score 34
Definition of Percentile Rank and Percentile 34
Computational Procedures 35
Deciles, Quartiles, and the Median 38
Graphic Representations 39
Shapes of Frequency Distributions 43
Summary 45
Exercises 47
Thought Questions 49
Computer Exercises 49
Bridge to SPSS 50
Chapter 3 Measures of Central Tendency and Variability 53
Introduction 54
The Mode 56
The Median 56
The Mean 58
The Concept of Variability 62
The Range 65
The Standard Deviation and Variance 66
Summary 73
Exercises 75
Thought Questions 76
Computer Exercises 77
Bridge to SPSS 78
Chapter 4 Standardized Scores and the Normal Distribution 81
Interpreting a Raw Score Revisited 82
Rules for Changing and 84
Standard Scores (z Scores) 85
T Scores, SAT Scores, and IQ Scores 88
The Normal Distribution 90
Table of the Standard Normal Distribution 93
Illustrative Examples 95
Summary 101
Exercises 103
Thought Questions 105
Computer Exercises 106
Bridge to SPSS 106
Part II Basic Inferential Statistics 109
Chapter 5 Introduction to Statistical Inference 111
Introduction 113
The Goals of Inferential Statistics 114
Sampling Distributions 114
The Standard Error of the Mean 119
The z Score for Sample Means 122
Null Hypothesis Testing 124
Assumptions Required by the Statistical Test for the Mean of a Single Population 132
Summary 133
Exercises 135
Thought Questions 137
Computer Exercises 138
Bridge to SPSS 138
Appendix: The Null Hypothesis Testing Controversy 139
Chapter 6 The One-Sample t Test and Interval Estimation 142
Introduction 143
The Statistical Test for the Mean of a Single Population When Is Not Known: The t Distributions 144
Interval Estimation 148
The Standard Error of a Proportion 152
Summary 155
Exercises 156
Thought Questions 157
Computer Exercises 158
Bridge to SPSS 158
Chapter 7 Testing Hypotheses About the Difference Between the Means of Two Populations 160
The Standard Error of the Difference 162
Estimating the Standard Error of the Difference 166
The t Test for Two Sample Means 167
Confidence Intervals for 1 2 172
The Assumptions Underlying the Proper Use of the t Test for Two Sample Means 175
Measuring the Size of an Effect 176
The t Test for Matched Samples 178
Summary 185 <...