Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB

Der überaus erfahrene Autor füllt mit diesem Lehrbuch eine Lücke. Die Konzepte der Quantentheorie werden zugänglich und praxisorientiert präsentiert. Durch MATLAB-Codes lassen sich die beschriebenen numerischen Verfahren einfach umsetzen.
Hochaktuelle Themen, wie Cluster, Nanokristalle, Übergänge und organische Moleküle, werden umfassend abgedeckt. DFT, Variation und verschiedene andere Methoden sowie Annäherungswellenfunktionen werden ebenfalls erläutert.

Auteur

James Chelikowsky, PhD, holds the W.A. "Tex" Moncrief Chair at the University of Texas at Austin. He is a professor in the departments of physics, chemistry and chemical engineering. He also serves as the Director for the Center of Computational Materials in the Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences.

Résumé
Presents a unique approach to grasping the concepts of quantum theory with a focus on atoms, clusters, and crystals

Quantum theory of atoms and molecules is vitally important in molecular physics, materials science, nanoscience, solid state physics and many related fields. Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB is designed to be an accessible guide to quantum theory and its applications. The textbook uses the popular MATLAB programming language for the analytical and numerical solution of quantum mechanical problems, with a particular focus on clusters and assemblies of atoms.

The textbook is written by a noted researcher and expert on the topic who introduces density functional theory, variational calculus and other practice-proven methods for the solution of quantum-mechanical problems. This important guide:

-Presents the material in a didactical manner to help students grasp the concepts and applications of quantum theory
-Covers a wealth of cutting-edge topics such as clusters, nanocrystals, transitions and organic molecules
-Offers MATLAB codes to solve real-life quantum mechanical problems

Written for master's and PhD students in physics, chemistry, material science, and engineering sciences, Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB contains an accessible approach to understanding the concepts of quantum theory applied to atoms, clusters, and crystals.

Contenu
Preface xi

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Different Is Usually Controversial 1

1.2 The Plan: Addressing Dirac's Challenge 2

Reference 4

2 The Hydrogen Atom 5

2.1 The Bohr Model 5

2.2 The Schrödinger Equation 8

2.3 The Electronic Structure of Atoms and the Periodic Table 15

References 18

3 Many-electron Atoms 19

3.1 The Variational Principle 19

3.1.1 Estimating the Energy of a Helium Atom 21

3.2 The Hartree Approximation 22

3.3 The HartreeFock Approximation 25

References 27

4 The Free Electron Gas 29

4.1 Free Electrons 29

4.2 HartreeFock Exchange in a Free Electron Gas 35

References 36

5 Density Functional Theory 37

5.1 ThomasFermi Theory 37

5.2 The KohnSham Equation 40

References 43

6 Pseudopotential Theory 45

6.1 The Pseudopotential Approximation 45

6.1.1 PhillipsKleinman CancellationTheorem 47

6.2 PseudopotentialsWithin Density FunctionalTheory 50

References 57

7 Methods for Atoms 59

7.1 The Variational Approach 59

7.1.1 Estimating the Energy of the Helium Atom. 59

7.2 Direct Integration 63

7.2.1 Many-electron Atoms Using Density FunctionalTheory 67

References 69

8 Methods for Molecules, Clusters, and Nanocrystals 71

8.1 The H2 Molecule: HeitlerLondonTheory 71

8.2 General Basis 76

8.2.1 PlaneWave Basis 79

8.2.2 PlaneWaves Applied to Localized Systems 87

8.3 Solving the Eigenvalue Problem 89

8.3.1 An Example Using the Power Method 92

References 95

9 Engineering Quantum Mechanics 97

9.1 Computational Considerations 97

9.2 Finite Difference Methods 99

9.2.1 Special DiagonalizationMethods: Subspace Filtering 101

References 104

10 Atoms 107

10.1 Energy levels 107

10.2 Ionization Energies 108

10.3 Hund's Rules 110

10.4 Excited State Energies and Optical Absorption 113

10.5 Polarizability 122

References 124

11 Molecules 125

11.1 Interacting Atoms 125

11.2 Molecular Orbitals: Simplified 125

11.3 Molecular Orbitals: Not Simplified 130

11.4 Total Energy of a Molecule from the KohnSham Equations 132

11.5 Optical Excitations 137

11.5.1 Time-dependent Density FunctionalTheory 138

11.6 Polarizability 140

11.7 The Vibrational Stark Effect in Molecules 140

References 150

12 Atomic Clusters 153

12.1 Defining a Cluster 153

12.2 The Structure of a Cluster 154

12.2.1 Using Simulated Annealing for Structural Properties 155

12.2.2 Genetic Algorithms 159

12.2.3 Other Methods for Determining Structural Properties 162

12.3 Electronic Properties of a Cluster 164

12.3.1 The Electronic Polarizability of Clusters 164

12.3.2 The Optical Properties of Clusters 166

12.4 The Role of Temperature on Excited-state Properties 167

12.4.1 Magnetic Clusters of Iron 169

References 174

13 Nanocrystals 177

13.1 Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Silicon 179

13.1.1 Intrinsic Properties 179

13.1.1.1 Electronic Properties 179

13.1.1.2 Effective MassTheory 184

13.1.1.3 Vibrational Properties 187

13.1.1.4 Example of VibrationalModes for Si Nanocrystals 188

13.1.2 Extrinsic Properties of Silicon Nanocrystals 190

13.1.2.1 Example of Phosphorus-Doped Silicon Nanocrystals 191

References 197

A Units 199

B A Working Electronic Structure Code 203 References...