Parasites, Fungi, and Viruses

The International Society of Chemotherapy meets every two years to review progress in chemotherapy of infections and of malignant disease. Each meeting gets larger to encompass the extension of chemotherapy into new areas. In some instances, expansion has been rapid, for example in cephalosporins, pen­ icillins and combination chemotherapy of cancer - in others slow, as in the field of parasitology. New problems of resistance and untoward effects arise; reduction of host toxicity without loss of antitumour activity by new substances occupies wide attention. The improved results with cancer chemotherapy, es­ pecially in leukaemias, are leading to a greater prevalence of severe infection in patients so treated, pharmacokinetics of drugs in normal and diseased subjects is receiving increasing attention along with related problems of bioavailability and interactions between drugs. Meanwhile the attack on some of the major bacterial infections, such as gonorrhoea and tubercu­ losis, which were among the first infections to feel the impact of chemotherapy, still continue to be major world problems and are now under attack with new agents and new methods. From this wide field and the 1,000 papers read at the Congress we have produced Proceedings which reflect the variety and vigour of research in this important field of medicine. It was not possible to include all of the papers presented at the Congress but we have attempted to include most aspects of cur­ rent progress in chemotherapy.

Contenu

What Are the Problems in Tropical Infections?.- Epidemic Diseases.- Progress Achieved in the Chemotherapy of Soil-Transmitted Helminths.- The Treatment of Chloroquine-Resistant Falciparum Malaria.- The Role of University Research Departments in the Development of Antiparasitic Chemotherapy.- Current Problems in the Chemotherapy of Parasitic Diseases - The Role of the Pharmaceutical Industry.- New Nitroimidazoles with a Chemotherapeutic Activity.- New 5-Nitroimidazoles with Antiprotozoal Activity: Effect of Hoe 088 (Pirinidazole).- Pharmacokinetic and Metabolic Studies with Ornidazole in Man. Comparison with Metronidazole.- The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lambliasis 6l.- Treatment of Giardiasis with a Single Oral Dose of Tinidazole.- A Rural Study in Tanzania of the Chemosuppressant Activity of Various Regimes of Co-Trimoxazole or Chloroquine in Subjects with P. falciparum Parasitaemia.- Results of the Anti-T. cruzi Activity of Ro 07-1051 in Man.- The Efficiency of Metronidazole "Flagyl" Against Trypanosoma evansi In Vivo.- Emericid (31 559 R.P.): A New Anticoccidial.- Efficiency of Levami. sole "Ketrax" on Some Nematode Infections in Assiut Province.- Review of Amphotericin B.- Polyenes: Actions and Prospects.- Review of Imidazole Group.- Mode of Action and Resistance to 5-Fluorocytosine.- Combination of Amphotericin B and 5-Fluorocytosine.- Combined Flucytosine - Amphotericin B Treatment of Cryptococcosis.- The Tissue Culture Study of Antifungal Agents sind Their Morphological Changes on Yeast and Yeast-Like Fungi.- Miconazole Plasma Levels in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Impaired Renal Function.- In Vitro Studies with Miconazole and Miconazole Nitrate.- Clinical Studies with Clotrimazole: Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, Tolerance.- Oral Clotrimazole in the Treatment of Fungal Infection.- Clotrimazole (Canesten) Therapy of Fungal Keratitis.- Replication of Picornaviruses.- Molecular Biology of Influenza Virus Replication and Points of Action of Inhibitors.- Metalloenzymes: A New Focus for Antiviral Drug Design?.- Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-n-trifluoroacetylneuraminic Acid (FANA).- Virus Specified Enzymes in Herpes Simplex Virus-Infected Cells.- Studies with IBT-Resistant and IBT-Dependent Mutants of Vaccinia Virus to Clarify the Mechanism of the Antipox Activity.- The Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity in the Therapeutic Action of Isoprinosine of Viral Disease Processes.- Bonaphton - A New Antiviral Chemotherapeutic Drug.- Chemotherapeutic Activity of Bonaphton in Herpetic Keratitis in Rabbits.- Effect of Ribavirin on Influenza Virus Infection in Ferrets.- I. C. I. 73602 - A Potent Anti-Rhinovirus Compound.- Assessment of Some Antirhinovirus Compounds in Tissue Culture and Against Experimental Challenge in Volunteers.- The Potential of Nucleosides as Antiviral Agents.- Bichlorinated Pyrimidines as Possible Antiviral Agents.- Experimental Chemotherapy of Arbovirus Infections.- The Use of Lung Weight Changes for Evaluating the Activity of Drugs Against Influenza Infections in the Mouse.- In Vivo Topical Activity of the Interferon Inducer BRL 5907 and Ribavirin in Ferrets Infected with Influenza Virus.- Effects of Pyrimidine Derivatives on RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase of Mengovirus Infected FL Cells.- "In Vivo" Depression of Either Endotoxin or Virus-Induced Interferons by Rifampicin and Rifamycin Derivatives.- Investigations upon the Mode of Action of Compound 48/80 on ss DNA of Phage øX174.- Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Effect of Amphotericin B Methyl Ester In Vivo.- Comparative Drug Trial in Cholera.- Trimethoprim Resistance of Pathogenic Organisms Previous to Common Clinical Use of Sulprim®.- Susceptibility of Chloramphenicol-Resistant Strains of Salmonella typhi to Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole.- Activity of Trimethoprim and Sulphonamides Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.- Microbiological and Clinical Studies with Co-Trimoxazole.- Cotrimoxazole as an All-Purpose Antibacterial Agent.- Treatment of Human Brucellosis with Doxycycline and Trimethoprim-Sulfonamide.- Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Synergy and Prostatitis.- The Concentration of Sulphamethoxazole and Trimethoprim in Human Prostate Gland.- Long-Term Treatment with the Combination SMZ/TMP in Children with Urinary Tract Infections.- Long-Term Low-Dosage Co-Trimoxazole in the Management of Urinary Tract Infection in Children.- A Double-Blind Study of Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim vs. Its Components in Chronic Urinary Tract Infections.- A New Combination of Trimethoprim and a Sulphonamide (Sulphadiazine) in Urinary Tract Infections, a Double-Blind Study.- Comparative Clinical Trial of Parenteral Co-Trimoxazole in Major Respiratory Infections:.- List of Contributors.