International Space Station

G. Haskell, Symposium Programme Committee Chair, Vice President, Administration and Programme Development, International Space University e-mail: Haskell@isu.isunet.edu M. Rycroft, Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: Rycroft@isu.isunet.edu The theme of the fourth annual symposium arranged by the International Space University (ISU) was "International Space Station: The Next Space Marketplace". The Symposium covered this topic from the uniqu- interdisciplinary, international and intercultural - perspectives of ISU. It focussed on significant issues related to policy, innovative management, commerce, regulation, education and outreach rather than concentrating on engineering and scientific issues. Although admirable progress has already been made in defining the utilisation of the International Space Station (ISS) in its early operational phases, what does the future hold? What important new applications will arise? What commercial opportunities may emerge? And how will the political, legal and financial hurdles be overcome, not to mention the technical challenges? The aim of the Symposium was to discuss such questions and draw out new ways of using the Space Station in the future. Among the 120 attendees were members of the fourth Master of Space Studies class, young professionals and postgraduate students who are developing the Symposium's theme in their Team Project. Their comprehensive overview of the subject is presented as an Annex here. Their final report on the Team Project will be completed at the end of July 1999, and published separately.

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Acknowledgements. Foreword. Keynote Address. ISS: From Political to Scientific and Economic Preeminence; W. Kröll, H.W. Ripken. Session 1: Management of the Research and Development Process. Session Chair; J.G. Vaz. Brazilian Participation in the International Space Station, with an Emphasis on Microgravity Research; J.G. Vaz, J.A. Guimarães. BEOS - A New Approach to Promote and Organize Industrial ISS Utilization; B. Bratke, et al. Protein Crystallography Services on the International Space Station; M. Harrington, et al. Commercial Protein Crystallisation Facility: Experiences from the STS 95 Mission; W. Lork, et al. The ISS, an Opportunity for Technology in Space; J. Tailhades, D. Routier. ISS: Management of the Commercial Research and Development Process; R. Moslener. Report on Panel Discussion 1. Management of the Research & Development Process; O. Gurtuna, C. Rousseau. Session 2: Entrepreneurial Initiatives to Use ISS for Profit. Session Chair: J.K. von der Lippe. Entrepreneurial Initiatives to Use the ISS for Profit; J.K. von der Lippe. From Space Station to Space Tourism: The Role of ISS in Public Access to Space; E. Dahlstrom, E. Paat-Dahlstrom. International Space Station Commercialization: Can Canada Blaze the Trail Forward? A. Eddy, A. Poirier. Transitioning to Commercial Exploitation of Space; D. Hamill, M. Kearney. International Space Station Commercialization Study; J.J. Richardson. Report on Panel Discussion 2. Entrepreneurial Initiatives to Use the ISS for Profit; I. Gracnar, A. Lindskold. Session 3: ISS for Education and Public Awareness. Session Chair: N. Ochanda. Searching for New Opportunities from the International Space Station, and UsingThem in Eastern Africa; N. Ochanda. International Space Station: New Uses in a Marketplace of Ideas; J.D. Burke. ISS &endash; The First International Space Classroom: International Cooperation in Hands-on-Space Education; V.A. Cassanto, D.C. Lobão. Art Module `MICHELANGELO': A Possibility for Non-Scientific ISS Utilization; C. Wilp, B. Bratke. Space Education and Space-Based Education: The Russian Experience; O. Zhdanovich, D. Pieson. Report on Panel Discussion 3. Education and Public Awareness; L. Higgs, C.P. Karunaharan. Session 4: Innovative Approaches to Legal and Regulatory Issues. Session Chair: A. Farand. Legal Environment for Exploitation of the International Space Station (ISS); A. Farand. Promotion of Industrial ISS Utilization by the German Space Agency; F. Claasen, et al. Commercial Management for the Space Station: Making the ISS More Accessible to All; G. Inoue, J. Maroothynaden. A United Nations Module on ISS: A Study; V. Lappas. Report on Panel Discussion 4. Innovative Approaches to Legal and Regulatory Issues; O. Tomofumi, R. Mittal. Session 5: Technical and Management Innovations for ISS. Session Chair: M. Uhran. Commercial Development of the International Space Station; M.L. Uhran. Enabling Better Science: A Commercial Communications Payload for the International Space Station; D. Beering. Commercialization of Management Know-How Generated by the ISS Program; M. Bosch. An Initial Strategy for Commercial Industry Awareness of the International Space Station; C. Jorgensen. Market Potentital for the International Space Station (ISS) Service Sector; R. Nakagawa, R. Askew. ISS: Overview of Where Station is at and a Concept for Commercial Utilization; J. Worley. Re