High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials

Explore the latest research avenues in the field of high-power microwave sources and metamaterials

A stand-alone follow-up to the highly successful High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies, the new High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials, demonstrates how metamaterials have impacted the field of high-power microwave sources and the new directions revealed by the latest research. It's written by a distinguished team of researchers in the area who explore a new paradigm within which to consider the interaction of microwaves with material media.

Providing contributions from multiple institutions that discuss theoretical concepts as well as experimental results in slow wave structure design, this edited volume also discusses how traditional periodic structures used since the 1940s and 1950s can have properties that, until recently, were attributed to double negative metamaterial structures.

The book also includes:

• A thorough introduction to high power microwave oscillators and amplifiers, as well as how metamaterials can be introduced as slow wave structures and other components

• Comprehensive explorations of theoretical concepts in dispersion engineering for slow wave structure design, including multi-transmission line models and particle-in-cell code virtual prototyping models

• Practical discussions of experimental measurements in dispersion engineering for slow wave structure design

• In-depth examinations of passive and active components, as well as the temporal evolution of electromagnetic fields

High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials is a perfect resource for graduate students and researchers in the areas of nuclear and plasma sciences, microwaves, and antennas.

Auteur

JOHN LUGINSLAND, PHD, is a Senior Scientist at Confluent Sciences, LLC and an Adjunct Professor at Michigan State University. Previously, he worked at AFOSR serving as the Plasma Physics and Lasers and Optics Program Officer, as well as various technical leadership roles. Additionally, he worked for SAIC and NumerEx, as well as the Directed Energy Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). He is a Fellow of the IEEE and AFRL.

JASON A. MARSHALL, PHD, is The Associate Superintendent, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory. Prior to this he was a Principal Scientist with the Air Force Office of Scientific Research responsible for management and execution of the Air Force basic research investments in Plasma and Electro-energetic Physics.

ARJE NACHMAN, PHD, is the Program Officer for Electromagnetics at AFOSR. He has worked at AFOSR since 1985. Before that he was on the mathematics faculty of Texas A&M and Old Dominion University, and a Senior Scientist at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI).

EDL SCHAMILOGLU, PHD, is a Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of New Mexico, where he also serves as Associate Dean for Research and Innovation in the School of Engineering, and Special Assistant to the Provost for Laboratory Relations. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and the American Physical Society.

Résumé

Explore the latest research avenues in the field of high-power microwave sources and metamaterials

A stand-alone follow-up to the highly successful High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies, the new High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials, demonstrates how metamaterials have impacted the field of high-power microwave sources and the new directions revealed by the latest research. It's written by a distinguished team of researchers in the area who explore a new paradigm within which to consider the interaction of microwaves with material media.

Providing contributions from multiple institutions that discuss theoretical concepts as well as experimental results in slow wave structure design, this edited volume also discusses how traditional periodic structures used since the 1940s and 1950s can have properties that, until recently, were attributed to double negative metamaterial structures.

The book also includes:

• A thorough introduction to high power microwave oscillators and amplifiers, as well as how metamaterials can be introduced as slow wave structures and other components
• Comprehensive explorations of theoretical concepts in dispersion engineering for slow wave structure design, including multi-transmission line models and particle-in-cell code virtual prototyping models
• Practical discussions of experimental measurements in dispersion engineering for slow wave structure design
• In-depth examinations of passive and active components, as well as the temporal evolution of electromagnetic fields
  High Power Microwave Sources and Technologies Using Metamaterials is a perfect resource for graduate students and researchers in the areas of nuclear and plasma sciences, microwaves, and antennas.

Contenu

Editor Biographies xi

List of Contributors xiii

Foreword xvii

Preface xix

1 Introduction and Overview of the Book 1
*Rebecca Seviour*

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Electromagnetic Materials 2

1.3 Effective-Media Theory 4

1.4 History of Effective Materials 4

1.4.1 Artificial Dielectrics 4

1.4.2 Artificial Magnetic Media 5

1.5 Double Negative Media 7

1.5.1 DNG Realization 9

1.6 BackwardWave Propagation 9

1.7 Dispersion 10

1.8 Parameter Retrieval 12

1.9 Loss 13

1.10 Summary 14

References 14

2 Multitransmission Line Model for Slow Wave Structures Interacting with Electron Beams and Multimode Synchronization 17
*Ahmed F. Abdelshafy, Mohamed A.K. Othman, Alexander Figotin, and Filippo Capolino*

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 Transmission Lines: A Preview 18

2.2.1 Multiple Transmission Line Model 18

2.3 Modeling ofWaveguide Propagation Using the Equivalent Transmission Line Model 20

2.3.1 Propagation in UniformWaveguides 21

2.3.2 Propagation in PeriodicWaveguides 22

2.3.3 Floquet's Theorem 24

2.4 Pierce Theory and the Importance of Transmission Line Model 25

2.5 Generalized Pierce Model for Multimodal SlowWave Structures 28

2.5.1 Multitransmission Line FormulationWithout Electron Beam: Cold SWS 28

2.5.2 Multitransmission Line Interacting with an Electron Beam: Hot SWS 30

2.6 Periodic Slow-Wave Structure and Transfer Matrix Method 32

2.7 Multiple Degenerate Modes Synchronized with the Electron Beam 34

2.7.1 Multimode Degeneracy Condition 34

2.7.2 Degenerate Band Edge (DBE) 34

2.7.3 Super Synchronization 35

2.7.4 Complex Dispersion Characteristics of a Periodic MTL Interacting with an Electron Beam 38

2.8 Giant Amplification Associated to Multimode Synchronization 39

2.9 Low Starting Electron Beam Current in Multimode Synchronization-Based Oscillators 42

2.10 SWS Made by Dual Nonidentical Coupled Transmission Lines Inside aWaveguide 46

2.10.1 Dispersion Engineering Using Dual Nonidentical Pair of TLs 47

2.10.2 BWO Design Using Butterfly Structure 49

2.11 Three-Eigenmode Super Synchronization: Applications in Amplifiers 50

2.12 Summary 53

References 54

3 Generalized Pierce Model from the Lagrangian 57
*Alexander Figotin and Guillermo Reyes*

3.1 Introduction 57

3.2 Main Results 59

3.2.1 Lagrangian Structure of the Standard Pierce Model 59

3.2.2 Multiple Transmission Lines 60

3.2.3 The Amplification Mechanism and Negative Potential Energy 60

3.2.4 Beam Instability and Degenerate Beam Lagrangian 61

3.2.5 Full Characterization of the Existence of an Amplifying Regime 61

3.2.6 Energy Conservation and Fluxes 62

3.2.7 Negative Potential Energy and General Gain Media 62

3.3 Pierce's Model 63

3.4 Lagrangian Formulation of Pierce's Model 65

3.4.1 The Lagrangian 65

3.4.2 Generalization to Multiple Transmission Lines 67

3.5 Hamiltonian Struc…