Laser-enabled measurements are valuable tools for the investigation of surfaces and interfaces or for the in situ investigation of interfacial processes including electrode processes. The understanding of the thermodynamics of solid/liquid surfaces is important for surface science and electrochemistry. In the first part of this book, the authors describe a range of techniques for investigating interfacial tension and surface stress, which is important for coatings, thin films, and fuel cells. The techniques covered comprise bending beam (bending plate, bending cantilever, wafer curvature) methods with different detection techniques. Special attention is given to methods using optical detection by laser beam deflection or interferometry. The second part is devoted to the techniques based on the detection of refractive index gradients in the solution. The refractive index changes could be related to concentration gradients (Probe Beam Deflection, PBD) or light-induced thermal gradients (Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy, PDS). The application of the techniques to surface-confined and solution electrochemical systems is described. Subsequently, a comparison with others techniques able to monitor ion fluxes is performed.

Auteur

Gyözö G. Láng is Professor at the Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary, President of the Electrochemical Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, he has been Regional Representative for Hungary of the International Society of Electrochemistry 2005-2010. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering.

Cesar A. Barbero is presently full professor and head of the Advanced Materials Program at UNRC. He is a permanent research fellow of the Argentinian Research National Council (CONICET) since 1995. Barbero received the Tajima Prize of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE) in 1996, the Rafael Labriola Prize of the Argentinian Chemistry Society (AQA) in 2004 and the Maria Cristina Giordano Prize of the Argentinian Society for Physical Chemistry Research (AAIFQ) in 2007. He is an IUPAC Fellow since 2000. In 2007 he received the John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship (USA). He has been invited professor at the universities of Paris VII (France), Alicante (Spain), La Laguna (Spain), Wales at Bangor (UK) and Buenos Aires (Argentina).

Contenu

Experimental Determination of Surface Stress Changes in Electrochemical Systems.- Thermodynamic Theory of Solid/Liquid Interfaces.- Problems related to the Measurement of Surface Stress Changes of Solid Electrodes.- Basic Principles of the Experimental Methods.- Optical Detection of the Deformation.- Detection by Microscopy.- Applications.- Related Fields.- Determination of Mobile Species Fluxes Driven by Electrochemical Processes using Optical Methods: Basic Principles of the Experimental Methods (Probe Beam Deflection, Interferometry).- Application to Surface Confined Systems.- Application to Soluble Systems.- Photothermal Deflection.- Comparison with other Methods to Monitor Fluxes.