Free Radicals in Biology V2

Free Radicals in Biology, Volume II is a nine-chapter text that describes the complexities in the chemical and physical behavior of free radicals.
After briefly providing an overview of the biology of pyridinyl radicals, this book goes on discussing the role of glutathione in the cell and the reactions of single oxygen and its role in photochemical smog and in cellular chemistry. These topics are followed by a discussion on the production of free radicals from dry tissue. The subsequent chapters describe some of the key reactions in photochemical smog, including reaction studies by computer simulation, as well as the specific reactive materials that are present in smog. These chapters also look into the chemistry of nitrogen oxides and ozone, which are some of the most important reactions in photochemical smog. The concluding chapters explore the radiation damage to proteins and radiation protection and radical reactions produced by radiation in nucleic acids.
Chemists, biologists, and physicists will find this text invaluable.

Contenu

List of Contributors
General Preface
Preface
Contents of Volume I
Chapter 1 Pyridinyl Radicals in Biology
I. Introduction
II. Generation of Pyridinyl Radicals
III. Physical Properties of Pyridinyl Radicals
IV. Chemical Properties of Pyridinyl Radicals
V. Biological Properties of Pyridinyl Radicals
VI. Conclusions
References
Chapter 2 The Glutathione-Glutathione Disulfide System
I. Introduction
II. Physical and Chemical Properties of GSH and GSSG
III. Biochemical and Biological Properties of GSH and GSSG
IV. Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Photosensitized Oxidation and Singlet Oxygen: Consequences in Biological Systems
I. Introduction
II. Photooxidation Mechanisms
III. The Photodynamic Effect
IV. Singlet Oxygen in Biological Systems
References
Chapter 4 Free Radicals in Dry Biological Systems
I. Introduction
II. Nature of Free Radicals in Dry Materials
III. Sample Preparation Considerations
IV. Characteristics of the esr Spectra
V. Relationships between Free Radicals and Living Systems
VI. Applications and Advantages of Using Dry Materials
VII. Summary
References
Chapter 5 Free Radical Reactions in the Production of Photochemical Smog
I. Introduction
II. Components of Photochemical Smog
III. Laboratory Studies
IV. Proposed Mechanism of Photochemical Smog Formation
V. Computer Modeling
VI. Summary and Conclusions
References
Chapter 6 The Role of Free Radicals in the Toxicity of Air Pollutants (Nitrogen Oxides and Ozone)
I. Introduction
II. A Modern Model of Cell Membranes
III. Morphological Observations of Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide Damage to Mammalian Lungs
IV. Potential Systemic Effects of Ozone
V. Chemical Mechanisms of Action
VI. Lipid Oxidation Resulting from Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide Inhalation
VII. Oxidation of Thiols Resulting from Ozone Inhalation
VIII. Fatty Acid Ozonides as Toxic Intermediaries of Ozone Inhalation
IX. Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 The Role of Free Radicals in Toxicity of Air Pollutants (Peroxyacyl Nitrates)
I. Introduction
II. Chemical Reactions of Peroxyacyl Nitrates
III. Physiological Effects of Peroxyacyl Nitrates
IV. Biochemical Reactions
V. Summary and Conclusions
References
Chapter 8 Free Radical Formation in Proteins and Protection from Radiation Damage
I. Introduction
II. The Types of Radicals Formed in Proteins
III. Studies on Single Crystals of Amino Acids and Dipeptides
IV. Radical Reaction Mechanisms
V. Yields of Protein Radicals
VI. Protection
References
Chapter 9 Radical Reactions in Nucleic Acids: Crystal Systems
I. Introduction
II. The Rationale of Single Crystal Studies of DNA Components
III. Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy of Thymine Single Crystals
IV. Molecular Orbital Calculations
V. Radical Reactions in DNA Components
References
Subject Index