Ion Channels and Plant Stress Responses

This book aims to provide a range of perspectives on an area that is very topical at present in plant biology: the role of ion channels in plant stress responses. Functions of cation and anion channels in the sensing and encoding of major biotic and abiotic stimuli, stress signal transduction and metabolism adjustment are examined at the cellular and molecular levels. Particular emphases of the book are on new insights into plant Ca2+ signaling, salinity tolerance mechanisms, cyclic nucleotide gated channels and the regulation of stress reactions among oxygen-derived species.

Résumé
Plants live in a constantly changing environment from which they cannot physically escape. Plants therefore need signalling and response mechanisms to adapt to new local conditions. The ef?cacy of such mechanisms underlies the plant performance during stress and therefore also impacts greatly on agricultural productivity. M- ulation of ion channel activity not only provides a means for rapid signal generation 2+ but also allows adjustment of cellular physiology. For example, Ca permeable ion 2+ channels can transduce environmental stimuli into Ca -encoded messages which can modify the gene expression. Furthermore, ion channel activity is essential to control cellular ion homeostasis that impacts on plant responses to drought, salinity, pathogens, nutrient de?ciency, heavy metals, xenobiotics and other stresses. This volume focuses on the crucial roles of different types of ion channel in plant stress responses. Functions of ion channels are discussed in the context of mechanisms to relay external and endogenous signals during stress and as mechanisms to regulate cellular ion homeostasis and enzymatic activities in the context of biotic and abiotic stress. The chapters presented cover cation and anion channels located in various cellular compartments and tissues.

Contenu
Ion Channels and Plant Stress: Past, Present, and Future.- The Role of Ion Channels in Plant Salt Tolerance.- Cation Channels and the Uptake of Radiocaesium by Plants.- Ion Channels in Plant Development.- Potassium and Potassium-Permeable Channels in Plant Salt Tolerance.- Regulation of Ion Channels by the Calcium Signaling Network in Plant Cells.- The Role of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels in Cation Nutrition and Abiotic Stress.- The Function of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels in Biotic Stress.- New Approaches to Study the Role of Ion Channels in Stress-Induced Signalling: Measuring Calcium Permeation in Plant Cells and Organelles Using Optical and Electrophysiological Techniques.- Vacuolar Ion Channels: Roles as Signalling Mechanisms and in Plant Nutrition.- Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress and Plant Ion Channels.