The Biochemistry of Poliomyelitis Viruses

The Biochemistry of Poliomyelitis Viruses deals with the interrelationships and differences of positions in the field of poliomyelitis research.
This volume presents a general introduction to viruses as to their descriptions and biological, biochemical, and epidemiological aspects. Clinical poliomyelitis, test measurements in the cerebrospinal fluid, and the actions of the poliomyelitis virus are explained. The isolation of the poliomyelitis virus and some aspects of its immunology and serology through refinements of serologic tools and special techniques, plus the state of poliovirus purification, are noted. This book also gives assumptions about the virus' synthetic activities in vivo based on experiments conducted in other viral diseases other than the polio virus. This text also notes that important discoveries such as those made by Gierer and Schramm or Fraenkel-Conrat provide updated poliomyelitis research. Other research studies are taken into consideration and emphasis is given to the biochemical concept of the polio infection and the related features induced during infection such as the presence of tumors. The most promising trend in research is in the study of enzymes of infected cells leading to an understanding of the biochemistry of viral diseases. The use of inference microscopy and X-ray analysis of cell mass is recommended.
This book will prove invaluable for microbiologists, disease investigators, clinical workers, and research scientists.

Contenu

Foreword
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. The Viruses (A General Introduction)
A. Virus in Older Definitions
B. Virus as it Looks Now
References to Chapter 1
Chapter 2. The Biological, Biochemical and Epidemiological Aspects of Poliomyelitis of Man and Animals
The Human Disease

1. General Notions
2. Clinical Poliomyelitis
   3 . Biochemical Aspects
   References to Chapter 2
   Chapter 3. Experimental Poliomyelitis
3. The Disease in Animals
4. Isolation of the Poliomyelitis Virus and Its Bioassay
   Virus Identification and Titration on Experimental Animal
   The Use of Cells in Culture for Identification of the Poliomyelitis Viruses
   Some Aspects of the Immunology and Aerology of Poliovirus
   References to Chapter 3
   Chapter 4. Biochemical Data on Poliovirus
   Purification, Crystallization, Biochemical and Biophysical Characterization of Poliomyelitis Viruses
   Preparation of Crystalline and Radioactive Poliovirus
   Physical and Chemical Parameters of Purified Poliovirus
   Additional Biological, Biochemical and Biophysical Characteristics of Poliovirus
   Effect of Electronic and/or Ionizing Radiation
   Specific Infectivity and the Infectious Unit
   Virus Nucleic Acid and Infectivity
   Resistance of Poliovirus to Cytolytic Agents and Enzymes
   Resistance of Poliovirus to some Physical Factors
   Effect of Chemical Agents and Disinfectants
   References to Chapter 4
   Chapter 5. Biochemistry of Animal-Adapted Poliomyelitis Infection, In Vivo
   Introduction
   Respiration and Glycolysis
   Phosphate Metabolism and Change in the Activity of Oxidative Enzymes
   Biochemical Data of Chromatolytic Neurons and Virus Infected Tissues
   Further Intracellular Localization of Virus Growth
   The Role of Nutrition and Co-factors
   The Application of Enzyme Inhibitors
   Environmental Conditions and Conditional Factors
   Effect of Hormones
   Data on the Effect of X-Ray Radiation, Physical and Chemical Agents
   References to Chapter 5
   Chapter 6. Further Considerations of the General Biology, Biochemistry and Pathology of Experimental Poliomyelitis Infection in Animals
5. Nucleic Acid of the Host and the Virus during Experimental Poliomyelitis, In Vivo
6. Complementary Data on the Biology of Animal Infection
   References to Chapter 6
   Chapter 7. The Host Cells in General
7. General Properties of the Cells in Culture In Vitro
8. Light Microscopic Cytopathic Changes due to the Poliovirus Infection
9. Some Facts on the Cellular Organization as Revealed by Utrastructural Research
   References to Chapter 7
   Chapter 8. Some Cytological and Biological Effects of Poliomyelitis Virus on Cells in Culture
10. General Notions
11. Changes in Cell Morphology
12. General Biological Observations and Use of Special Techniques
    References to Chapter 8
    Chapter 9. Biochemistry of Poliovirus Infection in Cells in Culture
    General Notions, Respiration and Glycolysis
    Effect of Nutrition and Environmental Temperature
    Work with Radioactive Tracers
    Quantitative Nucleic Acid Changes
    Recent Findings Regarding the Biosynthesis of the Protein and Nucleic Acid of Poliovirus
    Some Biochemical Data of Latent Infection
    References to Chapter 9
    Chapter 10. Change in the Physiology of Cells during Poliovirus Infection, In Vitro
13. Further Data on Biochemical and Especially Enzyme Changes in the Host Cells
14. Early Irreversible Enzyme Alterations Leading to the Destruction of the Host
    3 . The Influence of Hormones and Other Biological Agents Administered In Vitro
    References to Chapter 10
    Chapter 11. The Role of Heredity
15. Genetic Aspects of Clinical and Experimental Poliomyelitis
16. Virus Genetics
    3 . Hypotheses on the Biochemical Mechanism of Heredity
    References to Chapter 11
    Chapter 12. Further Considerations on the Epidemiology and Immunology of Poliomyelitis Infection
17. General Notions
18. The Question of Immunity against Poliomyelitis
19. Defense Against Poliomyelitis and the Efforts for the Prevention of the Disease
    References to Chapter 12
    Chapter 13. Facts and Speculations on the Biosynthesis of the Poliovirus, a Working Hypothesis of the Author
    References to Chapter 13
    Chapter 14. Chemical, Physical and Biological Foundation of Virus Research
20. Essential Notions of Nucleic Acid and Protein Biochemistry
    Physical and Chemical Properties and Structure of Polynucleotides
    Structure, Enzymic Degradation and Synthesis of RNA and DNA
21. Chemical Structure and Biochemistry of Proteins
    Proteolytic Enzymes
22. Biosynthesis of the Proteins and Nucleic Acids
    Uptake of the Aminoacids into the Cells
    Synthesis of Proteins in Subcellular Components
    The pH-5 Enzyme and Aminoacid Activation
    Essential Aspects of the Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids
    Enzymatic Synthesis of Polynucleotides
23. Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Animal Systems
    References to Chapter 14
    Chapter 15. The Biochemical Concept of Poliomyelitis Virus Infection
    References to Chapter 15
    Chapter 16. Biochemical Aspects of Some Other Features of the Virus Problem
    Virology and Tumors
    References to Chapter 16
    Chapter 17. Recent Developments in Poliomyelitis Research
    References to Chapter 17
    Chapter 18. Discussion and Conclusions
    Author Index
    Subject Index
    Other Titles in this Series