Aging Process of Population

Aging Process of Population investigates and analyzes the phenomenon of population aging. The text aims to provide a quantitative and qualitative analyses of structural transformations caused by the aging population on modern societies in various parts of the world.
The book is organized into four parts. The first part deals with problems in methodologies, such as methods to measure demographic old age; hypothetical and perspective computation tools; and deficient methodological uniformity of source materials. The second part discusses the beginning of old age; analysis of life tables; and the method of computing the normal length of life. Population structure by age in different time periods; dynamics of the changes in the age composition of populations in seven select countries; and the problem of dependency of non-productive elements on the population of productive age are examined in Part III. The last part provides the effect of fertility, reduction of mortality, migration, and war in the determination of the age structure of populations.
Demographers, sociologists, statisticians, economists, politicians, market researchers, ecologists, and students will find the book invaluable.

Contenu

Preface
Part I Methodological Problems
Introduction
Chapter 1. Measures of Old Age

1. The Coefficient of Old Age
2. Other Conceptions of Measures of Old Age
3. Auxiliary Characteristics of Age Structure
   References
   Chapter 2. Hypothetical and Perspective Calculations as a Tool to Analyze Changes in the Age Structure of the Population
4. Purely Hypothetical Computations
5. Demographic Forecasts
   References
   Chapter 3. Different Types of Age Structures
   References
   Chapter 4. Deficiencies and Lack of Methodological Uniformity of Source Materials and the Resulting Difficulties in Comparative Analysis
6. Deficiencies in Age Statistics
7. Range and Level of the Statistical Civilization
8. Variety of Organization and Methodology of Population Censuses
9. The Value of Census Materials concerning the Age of the Population
10. Soundings and Surveys in Place of Population Censuses
    References
    Part II Old Age and the Frequency of Surviving to this Age
    Chapter 5. The Beginning of Old Age
11. Introduction
12. The Ancient Chinese Classification
13. The Classification of Pythagoras
14. The Classification of Hippocrates
15. The Classification of Flourens
16. The Classification of Rubner
17. The Classification of Aschoff
18. The Classification of English Physiologists
19. The Classification of German Anthropologists
20. The Classification of Bochenek
21. Views of Soviet Gerontologists
22. Summary
23. The Classification of Farr
24. The Classification of American Physicians
25. Classifications Used in Statistical Practice and Their Variants
26. Conclusions
    References
    Chapter 6. The Historical Development of the Number of Persons Surviving to Old Age
27. Introduction
28. Prehistoric and Early Historical Times
29. The Middle Ages
30. Order of Dying in the Light of the First Life Tables
31. The Situation in the 18th Century
32. Increase in the Number of Persons surviving to Old Age in the 19th Century
33. Before the First World War
34. The Situation between the Two World Wars
35. After the Second World War
36. Demographic Forecasts
    References
    Chapter 7. The Normal Length of Human Life
37. Method of Computing Normal Length of Life
38. Evolution of Normal Duration of Life
39. Number of Deaths at Normal Age
    References
    Part III Population Aging Trends
    Chapter 8. Population Structure by Age in Different Time Periods
40. The Earliest Period (about 1850)
41. The Years 1861-75
42. At the Turn of the Century
43. Before the First World War
44. Before the Second World War
45. After the Second World War
46. Most Recent Statistical Data of the U.N
47. Conclusions
    References
    Chapter 9. The Evolution of the Age Structure of the Population in Some Countries
48. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the French Population
49. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the British Population
50. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Swedish Population
51. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Belgian Population
52. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Dutch Population
53. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Polish Population
54. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Australian Population
55. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Philippine Population
56. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Ceylonese Population
57. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Argentine Population
58. The Evolution in the Age Structure of the Brazilian Population
    References
    Chapter 10. Prospects for the Aging Process in the Light of Demographic Forecasts
59. General Remarks
60. Burgdorferi Forecast for Germany
61. Demographic Forecasts for the Federal German Republic
62. Demographic Forecasts for Austria
63. Demographic Forecasts for France
64. Demographic Forecasts for the British Population
65. Demographic Forecasts for Switzerland
66. Demographic Forecasts for Spain
67. European Forecasts of the O.E.E.C.
68. Forecasts for the United States
69. Demographic Forecasts for Central America (Including Mexico)
70. Conclusions
    References
    Chapter 11. Aging of the Population in the Productive Age
71. Introductory Remarks
72. The Present Level of Aging of the Productive Population
73. Aging of the Productive Population in Certain Countries
74. The Economic and Social Aspects of the Aging of the Population of Productive Age
75. Conclusions
    References
    Chapter 12. The Dependency of Non-Productive Elements of Society
76. Introductory Remarks
77. Methodological Problems
78. The Dependency of Non-productive Elements in Five People's Democracies
79. Dependency in the Countries of Western Europe
80. Ratios of Dependency for a Cross-section of the World
81. Concluding Remarks
    References
    Part IV Factors in the Aging of Societies
    Introduction
    Chapter 13. The Evolution of the Number of Births and its Effect on the Aging of Populations
82. General Remarks
83. The Effects of a Decline in Births on the Aging Process of Populations in the Light of Hypothetical Demographic Computations
84. The "Demographic Revolution"
85. The Demographic Depression
86. Zones of High Fertility
87. A New Trend in Human Reproduction. The Process of Increasing Births
88. Evolution of Births on Polish Territories
    References
    Chapter 14. Mortality and the Aging of Populations
    1 . Preliminary Remarks
89. The Role of Mortality in the Aging Process
90. The Decline in Mortality-Its Beginning and Causes
91. The Lowest Mortality Rates in the World
92. Mortality in Relation to Age
93. Infant Mortality in a Cross-section of the World
94. Adult Mortality
95. Mortality of the Aged
96. Causes of Death
    References
    Chapter 15. Migration as a Factor in the Aging of Populations
97. General Remarks
98. External Migrations
99. Internal Migrations
100. Population Structure of Urban and Rural Areas according to Age
101. Final Remarks and Conclusions
     References
     Chapter 16. War as a Population Aging Factor
102. Preliminary Remarks
103. The Demographic Effects of the First World War (1914-18)
104. The Demographic Effects of the Second World War (1939-1945)
105. Conclusions
     References
     Conclusions
     Selected Bibliography
106. Demography
107. Aging of Population
108. Gerontology, Hygiene, Eugenics, etc
     Indexes
     Name Index
     Geographical Index
     Subject Index