Nuclear Fusion

The pursuit of nuclear fusion as an energy source requires a broad knowledge of several disciplines. These include plasma physics, atomic physics, electromagnetics, materials science, computational modeling, superconducting magnet technology, accelerators, lasers, and health physics. Nuclear Fusion distills and combines these disparate subjects to create a concise and coherent foundation to both fusion science and technology. It examines all aspects of physics and technology underlying the major magnetic and inertial confinement approaches to developing nuclear fusion energy. It further chronicles latest developments in the field, and reflects the multi-faceted nature of fusion research, preparing advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics and engineering to launch into successful and diverse fusion-related research. Nuclear Fusion reflects Dr. Morse's research in both magnetic and inertial confinement fusion, working with the world's top laboratories, and embodies his extensive thirty-five year career in teaching three courses in fusion plasma physics and fusion technology at University of California, Berkeley.

• Combines theory, experiments, and technology into a single teaching text and reference
• Written in a concise style, accessible to both physicists and engineers
• Presents computation on an equal footing with analytic theory
• Emphasizes the underlying basic science for all of the material presented Dr. Edward Morse is Professor of Nuclear Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. He has authored over 140 publications in the areas of plasma physics, mathematics, fusion technology, lasers, microwave sources, neutron imaging, plasma diagnostics, and homeland security applications. For several years he operated the largest fusion neutron source in the US. Frequently consultedby the media to explain the underlying science and technology of nuclear energy policy and events, Dr. Morse is also a consultant and expert witness in applications of fusion neutrons to oil exploration.

Auteur

Dr. Edward Morse is Professor of Nuclear Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, where for over thirty-five years he has taught the department's three senior undergraduate and graduate courses on fusion, plasma physics, and fusion technology. He has authored over 140 publications in the areas of plasma physics, mathematics, fusion technology, lasers, microwave sources, neutron imaging, plasma diagnostics, and homeland security applications. For several years he operated the largest fusion neutron source in the US. Frequently consulted by the media to explain the underlying science and technology of nuclear energy policy and events, Dr. Morse is also a consultant and expert witness in applications of fusion neutrons to oil exploration.

Contenu

Chapter 1 IntroductionFusion as an energy sourceWorld energy supply and demandAvailability of fusion fuelRisk factors for energy sources:Comparative risks of fusion to other energy technologiesProspects for a fusion energy technologyHistorical background Chapter 2 Fusion nuclear reactionsCross sections and reactivityResonant and non-resonant fusion reactionsReactivity models for maxwellian distributionsReactivity in beam-maxwellian systems Chapter 3 Energy gain and loss mechanisms in plasmas and reactorsCharged particle heatingOhmic heatingExternal heating methodsRadiation loss:Charge ExchangeReactor energy balanceLawson criterion and QPulsed vs. steady state energy balanceThermal conversion efficiencyBlankets Chapter 4 Magnetic ConfinementMHD fluid equationsPressure balanceMagnetic pressure concept and Z pinch: Bennett pinch theoremInstabilities in Z pinchPerhapsatronTokamak configurationGrad-Shafranov equationNumerical solutionsEffect of flow on equilibrium Chapter 5 MHD instabilities Ideal MHDEnergy PrincipleInterchange instabilityKink and sausage instabilityWesson diagram for tokamak stabilityBallooning modesNumerical solutionsResistive MHDMagnetic Islands ' and Rutherford growthMagnetic stochasticity " theory="" and="" transportVlasov equationCollision operators Braginskii transport equationsTimescale hierarchy for electrons and ionsBeam slowing down Chapter 7 Neoclassical effectsPfirsch-Schluter regimeTrapped particlesBootstrap currentNeoclassical tearing modeELMs and MARFEs Chapter 8 Waves in plasmaCold plasma dispersion relation: CMA diagramCutoffs and resonancesWarm plasma wavesWKB approximationRay tracing and accessibilityLaser-plasma interactions Chapter 9 RF heating in magnetic fusion devicesIon cyclotron heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesLower hybrid heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesElectron cyclotron heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesIon Bernstein waves and high harmonic fast wavesRF current driveRunaway electrons Chapter 10 Neutral beam injectionPositive and negative ion sourcesNeutralization efficiencyChild-Langmuir lawBeam optics calculationsHigh voltage breakdown issues Chapter 11 Inertial confinement Direct vs. indirect driveLasers, optics, frequency doubling and triplingHohlraum designCapsule hydrodynamicsRayleigh-Taylor instabilityElectron preheat and mixHeavy ion driversFast ignitionNumerical simulations Chapter 12 MagnetsSuperconductivityThermal stabilityStress calculationsBending moments and torsional stabilityRadiation damage Chapter 13 TritiumHealth issues: HTO vs. HTSievert's law and leakage calculationsH-D-T separation processesAvailability and costHe-3 recovery Chapter 14 Materials issuesFirst wall: MFE vs. IFEThermal shock and fatigueThermal stress calculationsCoolant compatibilityPlasma-wall interactionRadiation damage: dpa cross sections and He productionEmbrittlement, void swelling, and creepComposite materialsDivertor and limiter design Chapter 15 Vacuum systemsCryogenicsCryopumpsScroll pumpsConductance calculationsTransient response of vacuum systems Chapter 16 BlanketsLi vs. LiPb vs. LiO Tritium removalFire safetyressureFission hybrid decay heat issues Chapter 17 Economics and SustainabilityThe cost of moneyMaterial availabilityPlant lifetime considerationSite licensesAccident mitigation Is it "Green?"