Economic and Ecological Significance of Arthropods in Diversified Ecosystems

Arthropods are invertebrates that constitute over 90% of the animal kingdom, and their bio-ecology is closely linked with global functioning and survival.

Arthropods play an important role in maintaining the health of ecosystems, provide livelihoods and nutrition to human communities, and are important indicators of environmental change. Yet the population trends of several arthropods species show them to be in decline. Arthropods constitute a dominant group with 1.2 million species influencing earth's biodiversity. Among arthropods, insects are predominant, with ca. 1 million species and having evolved some 350 million years ago. Arthropods are closely associated with living and non-living entities alike, making the ecosystem services they provide crucially important. In order to be effective, plans for the conservation of arthropods and ecosystems should include a mixture of strategies like protecting key habitats and genomic studies to formulate relevant policies for insitu and ex situ conservation.

This two-volume book focuses on capturing the essentials of arthropod inventories, biology, and conservation. Further, it seeks to identify the mechanisms by which arthropod populations can be sustained in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and by means of which certain problematic species be managed without producing harmful environmental side-effects.

This edited compilation includes chapters contributed by over 80 biologists on a wide range of topics embracing the diversity, distribution, utility and conservation of arthropods and select groups of insect taxa. More importantly, it describes in detail the mechanisms of sustaining arthropod ecosystems, services and populations. It addresses the contribution of modern biological tools such as molecular and genetic techniques regulating gene expression, as well as conventional, indigenous practices in arthropod conservation. The contributors reiterate the importance of documenting and understanding the biology of arthropods from a holistic perspective before addressing conservation issues at large. This book offers a valuable resource for all zoologists, entomologists, ecologists, conservation biologists, policy makers, teachers and students interested in the conservation of biological resources.

Auteur

Dr. A.K.Chakravarthy, Head, Principal Scientist, Division of Entomology and Nematology is an author of many books and over 300 scientific papers and 25 chapters in Entomology and natural history. His interest includes Insects, birds, bats, rodents and mammals. With over three decades of experience of teaching, research and extension. Dr. Chakravarthy has been the investigator for over 30 research projects and has guided more than 20 students for post graduation. A PhD, from Punjab Agriculture University and Fellow from IARI, New Delhi, he is a member of several National and International scientific academia, an advisor, a panelist, a referee, reviewer, editor and he is associated with publication of several national and international journals worldwide. A field orientated, widely travelled biologist, he is actively working on novel approaches in Integrated Pest management, Host Plant Interaction, vertebrate pest management, Biodiversity and environmental conservation issues. Recently he has published a book entitled New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management with springer, the book will ready by January, 2015.

Professor Shakunthala Sridhara obtained her B.Sc (1967)., M.Sc. (1969) and Ph.D.(1973) from Bangalore University, Bangalore. In late 1973 she joined the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. From 1973 to 2007 she taught and carried out research on plant protection. After retiring as Professor and Head, Dr. Sridhara was selected as Emeritus Scientist of Indian Council of Agricultural research, New Delhi for a period of two years. (May 2007 to April 2009). Currently she is a consultant to pesticide companies and is also busy writing scientific books for reputed national and international publishers.

During her 38 years of research, Dr. Sridhara has published 132 research papers, participated and presented 87 research papers in national and international conferences in United Kingdom, USA,Austria, Germany, Spain and Hawai. So far she has published ten books on pest management in agricultural systems including arthropods.

Contenu

1. Arthropods: Evolution and Ecology

A. K. Chakravarthy, Vasudev Kammar and P. R. Shashank

2. Soil biodiversity and arthropods: Role in soil fertility

D. J. Bagyaraj, C. J. Nethravathi and K. S. Nitin

3. Butterfly Communities of Ritchie's Archipelago in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India: Implications for Conservation of Arthropods and Their Habitats

C. Sivaperuman and K. Venkataraman

4. Documenting Arthropods in select Wild and Cultivated Ecosystems in Iran and Kuwait

A. A. Seraj, M. Esfandiari and Wasmia Al-Houty

5. An Appraisal of Select Insect Taxa in Sri Lanka

J. P. Edirisinghe, W. A. I. P. Karunaratne, I. I. Hemachandra, N. R. Gunawardene and C. M. D. Bambaradeniya

6. Utility of arthropods by indigenous communities: Sustaining natural resources

M. Jayashankar, M. Charles, Vijeth V. Arya and Jayalaxmi Hegde

7. Insects as human food

A. K. Chakravarthy, G. T. Jayasimha, R. R. Rachana and G. Rohini

8. Arthropod communities on Rice: A blend of terrestrial and aquatic species

L. Vijay Kumar, K. S. Nitin and Rajendra Prasad

9. Arthropods on cotton: A comparison between Bt and non-Bt cotton

A. K. Chakravarthy, Manja Naik and T. N. Madhu

10. Arthropod Biodiversity on Jute and Allied Fibre Crops

K. Selvaraj, B. S. Gotyal, S. P. Gawande, S. Satpathy and S. K. Sarkar

11. Arthropod Diversity and Management in Legume Based Cropping Systems in the Tropics

V. Sridhar and L. S. Vinesh

12. Arthropod diversity in non-leguminous vegetable crops

N. R. Prasannakumar, K. P. Kumar and A. T. Rani

13. Diversity of Mites on Vegetable crops, Kerala, South India: Documentation for Conserving Predatory and other Beneficial Mites on Vegetables

K. V. Binisha, Haseena Bhaskar and Sosamma Jacob

14. Arthropod Communities Associated with Mango (Mangifera indica L.): Diversity and Interactions

Poluru Venkata Rami Reddy and Kolla Sreedevi

15. Arthropod communities on cashew: A perennial reservoir of species assemblages

P.S. Bhat, K. Vanitha, T.N. Raviprasad and K. K. Srikumar

16. The Coconut Mite: Current Global Scenario

N. S. Aratchige, A. D. N. T. Kumara and N. I. Suwandharathne

17. Arthropod communities in coffee: Reflecting tropical forest arthropod communities

N. E. Thyagaraj, Manjunath Reddy, B. Doddabasappa and S. Onkara Naik

18. Arthropod Pests and Natural Enemies Communities in Tea Ecosystems of India

Narayanannair Muraleedharan and Somnath Roy

19. Forest Arthropod Communities in India: Their role and Conservation

G. Mathew, K. P. Kumar and M. Chandrashekhariah

20. Awareness on Pesticide Residues in Food Crops: A Challenge G. V. Ranga Rao, B. Ratna Kumari, K. L. Sahrawat and S. P. Wani