Ultrasonic Physics

Ultrasonic Physics, Second Edition, provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of ultrasonic physics. The book opens with a discussion of the sources of ultrasound. This is followed by separate chapters on the properties and detection of ultrasonic radiation; measurement of propagation constants, i.e., the velocity and absorption, of ultrasound; ultrasound propagation in gases, liquids, and solids; and ultrasound propagation in aerosols, suspensions, and emulsions. The final chapter covers miscellaneous physical and physico-chemical actions, including dispersion and coagulation of particulate matter, the break-up of liquid jets, acoustic birefringence, and the propagation of sound in the atmosphere and the ocean.

Contenu

Foreword
Preface to Second Edition
From the Preface to First Edition
I. Sources of Ultrasound

1. Piezo-electric Source
2. Cutting the Oscillator
3. Mounting of Quartz
4. Circuits to Maintain Piezo-electric Oscillators
5. Impedance of Crystal Oscillator
6. Magnetostrictive Oscillator
7. Ferro-electric Crystals
8. Electro- or Magnetostrictive Transducers
   References
   II. Methods of Detection and Properties of Ultrasonic Radiation
9. Smoke Method
10. Behaviour of a Large Obstacle in the Field
11. Radiometers
12. Electrical Detectors
13. Optical Methods
14. Microphones
15. Radiation from a Disc
16. Reaction on Source
17. Change of Wave-Form
18. "Streaming" from an Acoustic Source
19. Scattering of Ultrasound by Obstacles
    References
    III. Measurement of Propagation Constants
20. The Pierce Interferometer
21. The Fixed-Path Interferometer
22. The Variable-Path Interferometer
23. Thermal Absorption
24. Satellites: Effects of Radial Waves
25. Viscous Damping in Narrow Tubes
26. Pulse Methods for Propagation Constants
27. Velocity in Liquids by Optical Methods
28. Ultrasonic Wave-Train as Optical Grating
29. Reverberation Methods for Absorption
    References
    IV. Propagation in Gases
30. Relaxations
31. Low Frequency Measurements
32. Ultrasonic Propagation in Pure Gases
33. Results at Varying Pressure
34. Propagation in Vapors
35. Propagation in Moist Air
36. Propagation in Other Mixtures of Gases
37. Propagation at High Temperatures and Pressures
38. Effects at Low Temperature
39. Propagation in Gases Contained in Capillary Tubes
    References
    V. Propagation in Liquids
40. Continuous Wave Methods in Liquids
41. Pulse Methods for Absorption
42. Absence of Dispersion of Velocity in Liquids
43. Attenuation in Liquids
44. Results for Fand a in Liquid Mixtures
45. Effects of Pressure
46. Effect of Varying Temperature
47. Propagation in Condensed Gases
48. Theories of Anomalous Propagation in Liquids
49. Elastic Liquids under Shear and Compressional Vibration
    References
    VI. Critical and Other Fluid Transition States
50. The Critical State between Liquid and Vapor
51. The Critical State in Liquid Mixtures
52. Sol-Gel Transition
53. Velocity in Liquid Helium
54. Propagation in Liquid He II
    References
    VII. Propagation in Solids
55. Plates
56. Propagation in Rods
57. Propagation in Rubber-like Materials
58. Propagation in High Polymers and Fibers
59. Absorption in Solids
60. Grain Refining and Ultrasonic Scattering in Melts
    References
    VIII. Ultrasound in Disperse Systems
61. Propagation in Aerosols
62. Propagation in Suspensions
63. Propagation in Emulsions
64. Air Bubbles in Liquids
65. Cavitation
    References
    IX. Miscellaneous Physical and Physico-Chemical Actions
66. Dispersion and Coagulation of Particulate Matter
67. The Break-up of Liquid Jets
68. Acoustic Birefringence
69. Sono-Luminescence
70. Ultrasound and Turbulent Flow
71. Measurement of Ionic Solvation in Electrolytes
    References
    Author Index
    Subject Index