Living Chemistry

Living Chemistry is a 23-chapter textbook that provides a thorough, systematic coverage of the chemical information related to health.
The opening chapters cover the basic concepts required for understanding the ""language"" and principles of chemistry. These chapters also introduce the International System of units followed by the studies of carbon compounds based on functional groups. The discussions then shift to the study of biologically important molecules, such as the chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, as well as the individual reaction steps for important complex metabolic pathways. The remaining chapters explore the chemistry of vitamins, hormones, body fluids, drugs and poisons. Optional topics, including a mathematics review, scientific notation, the unit-factor and proportion methods, metric conversion with practice problems, atomic orbitals, hybridization, metabolic pathways, and the cell, are provided in the supplementary texts.
This book is of great value to undergraduate chemistry students.

Contenu

1 Matter and measurement

1.1 The scientific method

1.2 The metric system

1.3 Mass

1.4 Length

1.5 Volume

1.6 Density

1.7 Temperature

1.8 Three states of matter

Summary

Exercises

2 The composition of matter

2.1 The atom

2.2 Charge

2.3 Atomic number

2.4 Atomic mass

2.5 The structure of atoms

2.6 Isotopes

2.7 Elements

2.8 Atomic weight

2.9 The periodic table

2.10 Properties of the elements

2.11 Elements important to health

Summary

Exercises

3 Chemical bonding

3.1 The chemical bond

3.2 Covalent bonding

3.3 The molecule

3.4 Lewis symbols

3.5 Diatomic molecules

3.6 Polar covalent bonds

3.7 Valence

3.8 Naming covalent compounds

3.9 Ions

3.10 Charges of ions

3.11 Ionic bonds

3.12 Writing formulas of ionic compounds

3.13 Polyatomic ions

Summary

Exercises

4 Compounds and chemical change

4.1 Formula or molecular weight of compounds

4.2 Percentage composition

4.3 The mole

4.4 Compounds vs mixtures

4.5 Chemical reactions

4.6 Balancing chemical equations

4.7 Interpreting equations

4.8 Calculations based on equations

4.9 Types of reactions

4.10 Oxidation-reduction reactions

4.11 Energy and chemical reactions

4.12 Reversibility of reactions

4.13 Rate of a reaction

Summary

Exercises

5 Gases and respiration

5.1 Kinetic molecular theory

5.2 Diffusion

5.3 Temperature

5.4 Pressure

5.5 The gas laws: pressure and volume

5.6 Breathing

5.7 The gas laws: pressure and temperature

5.8 The gas laws: volume and temperature

5.9 The gas laws: the quantity of gas

5.10 Air and partial pressures

5.11 Respiration

5.12 Oxygen therapy

5.13 Other important gases

Summary

Exercises

6 Water

6.1 The structure of water

6.2 Kinetic theory of liquids and solids

6.3 Evaporation

6.4 The calorie and specific heat

6.5 Heat and the states of water

6.6 Density and specific gravity

6.7 Surface tension

6.8 Viscosity

6.9 Water pressure

6.10 Water of hydration

6.11 Water purification

6.12 Water balance

6.13 Humidity therapy

Summary

Exercises

7 Solutions

7.1 Types of solutions

7.2 The process of dissolving

7.3 Solubility of solids

7.4 Saturation

7.5 The solubility of liquids and gases

7.6 Concentration of solutions-percentage

7.7 Molarity

7.8 Dilution of solutions

7.9 Osmosis

7.10 Osmosis and the blood

7.11 Colloids

7.12 Dialysis

Summary

Exercises

8 Acids, bases, and salts

8.1 Acids

8.2 Properties of acids

8.3 Bases

8.4 Properties of bases

8.5 The pH of acids and bases

8.6 Measurement of pH

8.7 Neutralization and titration

8.8 Normality

8.9 Salts and hydrolysis

8.10 Body electrolytes

8.11 Buffers

8.12 Acidosis and alkalosis

Summary

Exercises

9 Nuclear chemistry and radiation

9.1 Radioactivity

9.2 Nuclear reactions

9.3 Natural radioactivity

9.4 Artificial radioactivity

9.5 Half-life

9.6 Nuclear energy

9.7 X-ray radiation and photography

9.8 Detection of radiation

9.9 Units of radiation

9.10 Radioisotopes in diagnosis

9.11 Radiation therapy and cancer

9.12 Effects of radiation

9.13 Radiation safety

Summary

Exercises

10 Organic chemistry-hydrocarbons

10.1 The carbon atom

10.2 Alkanes

10.3 Alkyl groups

10.4 Isomers

10.5 Reactions of alkanes

10.6 Alkenes

10.7 Reactions of alkenes

10.8 Alkynes

10.9 Cycloalkanes

10.10 Aromatic hydrocarbons-benzene

10.11 Properties of benzene

10.12 Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

Summary

Exercises

11 Oxygen derivatives of the hydrocarbons

11.1 Functional groups

11.2 Alcohols

11.3 Examples of alcohols

11.4 Reactions of alcohols

11.5 Ethers

11.6 Reactions of ethers

11.7 Aldehydes

11.8 Reactions of aldehydes

11.9 Ketones

11.10 Acids

11.11 Reactions of acids

11.12 Esters

11.13 Reactions of esters

Summary

Exercises

12 Other organic derivatives and polymers

12.1 Halogen derivatives

12.2 Sulfur derivatives

12.3 Nitrogen derivatives-amines

12.4 Reactions of amines

12.5 Nitrogen derivatives-amides

12.6 Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds

12.7 Nitrogen derivatives-alkaloids

12.8 Other nitrogen derivatives

12.9 Organic polymers

12.10 Addition polymers

12.11 Condensation polymers

Summary

Exercises

13 Carbohydrates

13.1 Classification of carbohydrates

13.2 Monosaccharides

13.3 Open and closed forms of monosaccharides

13.4 Glucose

13.5 Other hexoses-galactose and fructose

13.6 Disaccharides

13.7 Polysaccharides

13.8 Reactions of carbohydrates

13.9 Optical isomers and carbohydrates

Summary

Exercises

14 Lipids

14.1 Fatty acids

14.2 Soaps and detergents

14.3 Waxes

14.4 Fats and oils

14.5 Properties of fats and oils

14.6 Body fats

14.7 Phospholipids

14.8 Cell membranes and active transport

14.9 Sphingolipids

14.10 Steroids

Summary

Exercises

15 Proteins

15.1 The amino acids

15.2 Properties of amino acids

15.3 Primary structure of proteins

15.4 Secondary structure of proteins

15.5 Tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins

15.6 Examples of protein structure

15.7 Classification of proteins

15.8 Properties of proteins

15.9 Denaturation of proteins

15.10 Protein and mineral-bones and teeth

Summary

Exercises

16 Enzymes and digestion

16.1 Mechanism of enzyme action

16.2 Classification of enzymes

16.3 Factors affecting enzyme activity

16.4 Enzyme cofactors

16.5 Inhibitors

16.6 Applications of enzymes in medicine

16.7 Enzymes and nerve impulses

16.8 Enzymes of carbohydrate digestion

16.9 Enzymes of lipid digestion

16.10 Enzymes of protein digestion

Summary

Exercises

17 Energy and carbohydrate metabolism

17.1 Biochemical energy

17.2 Electron transfer

17.3 Storage and trans…