Cell Calcium Metabolism

A widespread appreciation for the role that calcium plays in cell physiology and patho­ physiology has now been achieved due to the pioneering studies of many of the scientists who attended the VIIth International Spring Symposium on Health Sciences at George Washington University in Washington, D. C. The participants in this unique meeting rep­ resented diverse fields of basic and clinical research, such as molecular physiology, oncology, molecular genetics, cardiology, bioenergetics, pathology, and endocrinology. The content of the proceedings of the symposium represents work in these and other areas of biomedical research. Organization of the book is aimed at striking a balance between the biochemistry 2 and physiology of normal cell Ca + metabolism and the pathological consequences of al­ 2 terations in cell Ca + homeostasis. The first section of the book is devoted to the transport mechanisms responsible for 2 2 regulating intracellular Ca + and the pharmacological modalities for controlling cell Ca + . Particular attention is given to the molecular basis for plasma membrane transport activities, 2 2 including the ATP-driven Ca + pump, the Na + -Ca + exchange system, and voltage sensitive 2 Ca + channels. The second section covers the exciting relationships between phosphoinositide metab­ 2 olism, signal transduction, and cell Ca + metabolism. This section begins with an eloquent overview by Professor Michael Berridge, who was the keynote speaker at the symposium and the recipient of the scientific merit award.

Contenu

I-Transport and Pharmacology.- 1. Hormonal Inhibition of the Liver Plasma Membrane (Ca2+ -Mg2 +) ATPase Is Mediated by a Gs-like Protein.- 2. The High-Affinity (Ca2+-Mg2+ ) ATPase of Rat Liver Plasma Membrane Hydrolyzes Extracellular ATP.- 3. The Plasma Membrane Calcium Pump: Some Molecular Properties of the Purified Enzyme, with Emphasis on the Calmodulin-Binding Domain.- 4. The Cardiac Sodium-Calcium Exchange System.- 5. Molecular Properties of Dihydropyridine-Sensitive Calcium Channels.- 6. Monoclonal Antibodies That Coimmunoprecipitate the 1,4-Dihydropyridine and Phenylalkylamine Receptors and Reveal the Ca2 + Channel Structure.- 7. Criteria for Identification of?xand ?2Subunits in a Purified Skeletal Muscle Calcium Channel Preparation.- 8. Phosphorylation of Dihydropyridine-Sensitive Calcium Channels from Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle.- 9. Phorbol Esters Stimulate Calcium Influx via Voltage-Dependent Channels in A7r5Vascular Smooth-Muscle Cells.- 10. Effects of cAMP-Dependent, Calmodulin-Dependent, and C-Type Protein Kinases on Platelet Calcium Transport.- 11. Molecular Structure of Canine Cardiac Phospholamban, the Regulatory Protein of Ca Pump ATPase of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.- 12. Ca2 + Transport by Liver and Plant Mitochondria: Aspects Linked to the Biological Role.- II-Phosphoinositide Metabolism.- 13. Inositol Lipids and Intracellular Communication.- 14. Receptor-Mediated Ca2 + Signaling: Role in Inositol-1,3,4,5-Tetrakisphosphate Generation.- 15. Metabolism of Ins(1,3,4)P3by Rat Liver Homogenates.- 16. Evidence for the Existence of the Inositol Tris/Tetrakisphosphate Pathway in Rat Heart.- 17. Mechanisms of Intracellular Calcium Movement Activated by Guanine Nucleotides and Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate.- 18. Activation of the Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate Signaling System by Acute Ethanol Treatment of Rat Hepatocytes.- 19. Regulation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis by Calcium-Mobilizing Hormones.- 20. Receptor Desensitization Is a Major Regulator of Hormone-Induced Ca2+ Mobilization in the Human Platelet.- 21. Specific Receptors for Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate in Endocrine Target Tissues.- 22. Intracellular Calcium Transients Associated with Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor Release May Be Mediated by Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate.- 23. Protein Kinase C in Rat Skeletal Muscle.- 24. Activation of Phosphoinositide-Specific Phospholipase C by Ligands in the Presence of Guanine Nucleotides.- 25. Guanine Nucleotide-Dependent Release of Arachidonic Acid in Permeabilized Inflammatory Cells.- III-Cell Proliferation and Differentiation.- 26. Measurement of Free Intracellular Calcium (Cai) in Fibroblasts: Digital Image Analysis of Fura 2 Fluorescence.- 27. Growth Factors, Oncogenes, and Protein Kinase C.- 28. Insulin-like Growth Factor II Stimulates Calcium Influx in Competent Balb/c 3T3 Cells Primed with Epidermal Growth Factor.- 29. Small-Cell Lung Cancer Bombesin Receptors Utilize Calcium as a Second Messenger.- 30. Extracellular Ca2 + and Cell Cycle Transitions: Effect of Protein Kinase C and InsP3.- 31. Role and Properties of Ligand-Induced Calcium Fluxes in Lymphocytes.- Modulation of c-fos and c-myc Expression by Effectors of Ion Movements.- Regulation of c-fos Expression by Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels.- 34. Calcium Pulses, Waves, and Gradients in Early Development.- IV-Regulation Of Metabolism.- 35. Calcium Ions, Hormones, and Mammalian Oxidative Metabolism.- 36. Regulation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase in Isolated Cardiac Myocytes and Hepatocytes by Cytosolic Calcium.- 37 Calcium as a Hormonal Messenger for Control of Mitochondrial Functions.- 38 Effect of Mitochondrial Ca2 + on Hepatic Aspartate Formation and Gluconeogenic Flux.- 39. Regulatory Effects of a Thromboxane A2Analogue on Hepatic Glycogenolysis and Vasoconstriction.- 40. Metabolic Regulation of Ca2 + Handling in Permeabilized Insulinoma Cells.- 41. Calcium, Calmodulin, and Insulin Action in the Adipocyte.- 42. Role of Calcium in the Regulation of Mammalian Lipoxygenases.- 43. Phosphorylation and Modulation of Enzymatic Activity of Hepatic 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase by Multiple Kinases.- 44. Origin and Role of Calcium in Platelet Activation-Contraction-Secretion Coupling.- 45. Calmodulin-like Ca2+ - Binding Proteins of Smooth Muscle.- V-Mechanisms Of Cell Injury.- 46. Role of Ion Regulation in Cell Injury, Cell Death, and Carcinogenesis.- 47. Role of Calcium in Oxidative Cell Injury.- 48. Cytosolic Free Calcium and Cell Injury in Hepatocytes.- 49. Mechanisms of Anoxic Injury to Transport and Metabolism of Proximal Renal Tubules.- 50. X-Ray Microprobe Analysis of Subcellular Elemental Distribution in Normal and Injured Peripheral Nerve Axons.- 51. Prevention of Ischemic Brain Mitochondrial Injury by Lidoflazine.- 52. Role of Phosphoinositides in the Response of Mammalian Cells to Heat Shock.- 53. Cell Calcium in Malignant Hyperthermia: Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Ca2 + Regulation by Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.- 54. Pathogenetic Roles of Intracellular Calcium and Magnesium in Membrane Mediated Progressive Muscle Degeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.- VI-Cardiovascular Pathophysiology.- 55. Characteristics and Functional Implications of Spontaneous Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-Generated Cytosolic Calcium Oscillations in Myocardial Tissue.- 56. Phospholipid-Calcium Relations at the Sarcolemma of the Cardiac Cell: Their Possible Role in Control of Contractility.- 57. Role of Membrane Dysfunction and Altered Calcium Homeostasis in the Pathogenesis of Irreversible Myocardial Injury.- 58. Ischemic Alterations in Mitochondrial Calcium Transport Kinetics: An Indicator of Matrix Sulfhydryl Redox State.- 59. Structural, Biochemical, and Elemental Correlates of Injury in Cultured Cardiac Cells.- 60. Interaction of Volatile Anesthetics with Calcium-Sensitive Sites in the Myocardium.- Cardiac Protection by Halothane Following Ischemia and Calcium Paradox.- Defective Ca2 + Functions in Protein (47-kDa) Phosphorylation and in the Coupling to Physiological Responses in Platelets from Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.- 63. Effects of Elastin Peptides on Ion Fluxes.- Participants.