Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics

Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics, Volume 1 explores some problems and concepts of mammalian cardiovascular function, with emphasis on experimental studies and methods. It considers pressure measurement in experimental physiology, including the measurements of pulsatile flow, flow velocity, lengths, and dimensions; the use of control theory and systems analysis in cardiovascular dynamics; the application of computer models in cardiovascular research; the meaning and measurement of myocardial contractility; and the consequences of the steady-state analysis of arterial function.
Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mammalian cardiovascular system and the essential features of cardiovascular function. It then discusses the practical problems associated with the use of pressure transducers in physiological and cardiac laboratories, the challenges involved in pulsatile flow measurement using flowmeters and thermal devices, and the mechanical analysis of the circulatory system. It explains some computer modeling techniques used in investigating the hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system, including the heart and heart muscle; basic concepts of muscle mechanics and the mechanical properties of cardiac muscle; the fluid mechanics of heart valves; and the pressure and flow in large arteries. The book concludes with a chapter on vascular resistance and vascular input impedance.
This book is intended for biologists, physical scientists, and others interested in cardiovascular physiology.

Contenu

List of Contributors
Preface
Acknwledgements
Glossary
Contents of Volume 2
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Pressure Measurement in Experimental Physiology

1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
3. Types of Transducers
4. Practical Problems in Manometry
5. Conclusion
   References
   Chapter 3 Measurement of Pulsatile Flow and Flow Velocity
6. Introduction
7. The Electromagnetic Flowmeter
8. Ultrasonic Flowmeters
9. Thermal Devices
   References
   Chapter 4 The Measurement of Lengths and Dimensions
10. Introduction
11. General Principles
12. Continuous Methods
13. Semi-Continuous Methods
14. Discontinuous Measurements
    References
    Chapter 5 The Use of Control Theory and Systems Analysis in Cardiovascular Dynamics
15. Control Theory and Systems Analysis
16. Mechanical Analysis of the Circulatory System: General Considerations
17. Openings in the Circulatory Loop
18. Application to the Neural Control of the Circulation
19. Concluding Remarks
    Acknowledgements
    References
    Chapter 6 Some Computer Models in Cardiovascular Research
20. Introduction
21. Heart and Heart Muscle
22. Haemodynamics
23. Models of Overall Cardiovascular Control
24. Transport by the Bloodstream
25. Parameter Estimation
26. Conclusion
    Acknowledgements
    References
    Chapter 7 The Meaning and Measurement of Myocardial Contractility
27. Nature of the Problem
28. Basic Concepts of Muscle Mechanics
29. Measurements of the Mechanical Properties of Cardiac Muscle
30. The Search for a Simple Index of Contractility
31. Contractility in the Intact Heart
32. Summary
    References
    Chapter 8 The Fluid Mechanics of Heart Valves
33. Introduction
34. The Aortic Valve
35. The Mitral Valve
36. Conclusion
    References
    Chapter 9 Pressure and Flow in Large Arteries
37. Introduction
38. Velocity Distribution in the Aortic System of Dogs
39. Velocity Profiles in Human Subjects
40. The Evolution of the Waveforms of Pressure and Velocity in the Aorta
41. Laminar and Turbulent Flow
    References
    Chapter 10 Vascular Input Impedance
    Symbols Used in the Text
42. Introduction
43. Wave Reflections and Impedance in an Arterial Segment
44. Methods of Determining Impedance
45. Arterial Input Impedance
46. Hydraulic Power
47. Factors Determining the Input Impedance
    References
    Author Index
    Subject Index