Reaction Heats and Bond Strengths

Reaction Heats and Bond Strengths presents the variations in the heats of particular types of reaction. This book covers a variety of topics, including the hydrogenation and polymerization of olefinic compounds, the dissociation of organic and organo-metallic compounds, and the molecular-addition compounds.
Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the concept of bond energy that can be very useful where a comparison is being made between two dissimilar molecules. This text then examines the strain in cyclopropane and cyclobutane, which is largely a result of angular strain due to compression of the tetrahedral angle in the carbon-carbon bonding. Other chapters consider the experimental thermochemical data for some conjugated molecules. This book discusses as well the significance of representing a molecule, which originated from the concept of resonance. The final chapter deals with bond strength in phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur compounds.
This book is a valuable resource for postgraduate students.

Contenu

1. The Thermochemical Approach

   Introduction

   Energy changes in Heats of Reaction

   Definitions of Bond Strength

2. Bond Energies

3. Bond Dissociation Energies

   Heats of Reaction

   Experimental Methods

2. Strain Energies in Saturated and Unsaturated Organic Compounds

   Saturated Cyclic Compounds

   1. Cyclo-alkanes

   2. Heterocyclic Compounds

   3. Decalins

   4. Perhydroanthracenes

   5. Dimethylcyclohexanes

   6. Dimethylcyclopentanes

   7. Hydrindanes

   Unsaturated Compounds

   1. Cyclic Olefins

   2. Cyclic or^o-Substituted Benzene Derivatives

   3. Acyclic Olefins

   Polycyclo-alkanes and Alkenes

   Exo-Endo Isomerism in Olefins

   Conclusion

3. Stabilization Energiesm in Non-Aromatic Compounds

   Introduction

   Conjugation and Hyper conjugation

   1. Olefins

   2. Acetylenes

   Polar Effects

   Hybridization

   Conclusion

4. Strain and Resonance Energies in Aromatic Compounds

   Introduction

   Experimental Determination of Resonance Energies

   1. Bond Compressional Energy

   2. Hybridization Changes

   3. Charge Separation

   4. Steric Effects

   Five- and Seven-membered Ring Systems

   Four- and Eight-membered Ring Systems

   Cat a-Condensed Hydrocarbons

   Polycyclic Hydrocarbons

   1. Stabilization Energies

   2. Strain Energies

   Hetero-aromatics

   Conclusion

5. Polymerization Energies

   Heats of Self-Polymerization Reactions

   Free Energies and Entropies

   Co-polymerization

   Polymerization of Cyclic Compounds

   1. Cyclo-alkanes

   2. Heterocyclic Compounds

6. Molecular Addition Compounds

   Introduction

   Steric and Inductive Effects

   Acceptor Molecules: n-Bonding

   Donor Molecules: Donor Strength and Reorganization Energy

   Addition compounds: ^-Bonding

   1. Acceptor Atoms with Available d-Orbitals

   2. Acceptor Atoms with pseudo pp-Orbitals

   Conclusion

7. Bond Dissociation Energies and Heats of Formation of Free Radicals

   Introduction

   Heats of Formation of Free Radicals

   1. Alkyl Radicals

   2. Vinyl Radical

   3. Benzyl Radical

   4. Phenyl Radical

   5. Cyanide Radical

   6. Halogen-substituted Alkyl Radicals

   7. Alkoxy Radicals

   8. Thioalkoxy Radicals

   9. Alkyl Amino Radicals

   10. Radicals RCOO

   Stepwise Dissociation Energies

8. Metal-Carbon and Metal-Halogen Bonds

   Introduction

   Mean Bond Dissociation Energies

   1. Representative and 6-Group Elements

   2. Transition Metals, Carbonyls

   3. Cyclopentadienyl and Benzene Compounds

   Stepwise Dissociation Energies

   1. b-Group Metal Alkyls

   2. Transition Metal Halides

   Summary

9. Ionization Energies in Aqueous Solution

   Introduction

   Heats of Neutralization of Strong Acids and Strong Bases

   Aliphatic Acids

   Methyl-substituted Compounds

   1. Picolines

   2. Cresols

   3. Chlorophenols

   4. Nitrophenols

   5. Toluidines

   6. Methyl-Benzoic Acids

   7. Lutidines and Xylenols

   8. Summary of Data for Methyl-substituted Compounds

   Halogen Substituted Acetic Acids

   Dibasic Organic Acids

   Conclusion

10. Bond Strengths in Silicon, Phosphorus and Sulfur Compounds

    Introduction

    dp-pp-Bonding in Simple Molecules

    1. Silicon

    2. Phosphorus

    3. Sulfur

    dp-pp-Bonding in Cyclic Systems

    1. Cyclic Phosphazenes

    2. Sulphanuric and Thiazyl Compounds

References

Author Index

Subject Index