Atomic and Molecular Processes

Atomic and Molecular Processes describes radiative and collisional processes involving atoms or molecules. Organized into 21 chapters, this book emphasizes the developments in these processes stimulated by the growth of interest in space science, astrophysics, and plasma physics.
The book initially discusses the general theory of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole radiation and the calculations and observations on individual atoms, as well as the forbidden transitions. The text then explores general topics on forbidden and allowed lines and bands; photoionization; photodetachment; recombination and attachment; elastic and inelastic scattering of electron; and energy loss by slow electrons. Discussions on collision broadening of spectral features and encounters between atomic systems including range, energy loss, excitation, ionization, detachment, charge transfer, elastic scattering, mobility, diffusion, relaxation in gases, and chemical reactions are provided in other chapters. A chapter is devoted to the use of high-temperature shock waves, and accounts of other main experimental methods are given.

Contenu

Contributors
Preface

1. Forbidden Transitions
   
   1. Introduction
   2. Forbidden Lines in Atomic Spectra
   3. Forbidden Transitions in Diatomic Molecular Spectra
   4. Forbidden Transitions in Polyatomic Molecular Spectra
   5. Forbidden Transitions in Crystals
   6. Forbidden Transitions in Astrophysics
      References
2. Allowed Transitions
   
   1. Introduction
   2. Basic Concepts and Formulae
   3. Calculations of Atomic Line Strengths
   4. Theory of Molecular Line Strengths
   5. Measurements of Atomic Transition Probabilities
   6. Measurements of Molecular Transition Probabilities
      References
3. Photoionization Processes
   
   1. Introduction
   2. Experimental
   3. Theoretical
   4. Results
      References
4. Photodetachment
   
   1. Introduction
   2. Negative Ion Energy States
   3. Theoretical Considerations
   4. Experimental Method for Photodetachment Studies
   5. The H- Photodetachment Cross Section
   6. Photodetachment Cross Sections for O-, S-, and C-
   7. Photodetachment of Negative Molecular Ions
   8. Formation of Negative Ions by Radiative Attachment
   9. Atomic Electron Affinities
      References
5. High-Temperature Shock Waves
   
   1. Introduction
   2. Hydrodynamic Considerations
   3. Plane Shock Waves
   4. High-Energy Cylindrical Shock Waves
   5. Establishment of Equilibrium Plasmas
   6. Experimental Verification of the Rankine-Hugoniot Relations in Conventional Shock Tubes
   7. Shock-Heated Plasmas as Thermal Light Sources
      References
6. Attachment and Ionization Coefficients
   
   1. Electron Attachment
   2. Ionization Coefficients
   3. Attachment Coefficients
      References
7. Electronic Recombination
   
   1. Collisional-Radiative Recombination
   2. Recombination Involving a Free-Bound Radiationless Transition
   3. Experimental Studies
      References
8. Ionic Recombination
   
   1. Three Body
   2. Two Body
      References
9. Elastic Scattering of Electrons
   
   1. Scattering by a Potential Field
   2. Measurement of Collision Cross Sections
   3. Scattering by Hydrogen Atoms
   4. Scattering by Complex Atoms and Ions
   5. Scattering by Molecules
      References
10. The Motions of Slow Electrons in Gases
    
    1. Introduction
    2. Theory of Motion of Ions and Electrons in Gases
    3. Diffusion and Drift
    4. Equation of Continuity
    5. Mean Loss of Energy in Elastic Encounters
    6. The Distribution Function f(c)
    7. The Ratio W/D
    8. Measurement of Mean Energy Lost in an Encounter
    9. Experimental Procedure
    10. Experimental Results
    11. The Losses of Energy by Electrons in Colliding with Gas Molecules
        References
11. The Theory of Excitation and Ionization by Electron Impact
    
    1. Classical Theory
    2. General Quantum Theory
    3. Partial Wave Theory
    4. Calculated and Measured Cross Sections
    5. Collisional Excitation Treated as a Radiative Process
       Appendix
       References
12. The Measurement of Collisional Excitation and Ionization Cross Sections
    
    1. Introduction
    2. Electron Impact Studies
    3. Ion Impact Studies
    4. Neutral Impact Studies
    5. Electron-Ion Collisions
       References
13. Spectral Line Broadening in Plasmas
    
    1. Introduction
    2. Basic Considerations
    3. The Impact Approximation
    4. Applications of the Impact Approximation to Broadening by Electrons
    5. Corrections to the Impact Approximation
    6. Broadening by Ions
    7. Comparison with Experiment
       References
14. Theoretical Treatment of Collisions between Atomic Systems
    
    1. First Born Approximation
    2. Higher Approximations
    3. Slow Collisions
       References
15. Range and Energy Loss
    
    1. Energy Loss of Charged Particles
    2. Range of Charged Particles
    3. Ionization by Charged Particles
    4. Energy Loss of Electrons
    5. Range of Electrons
    6. Ionization by Electrons
       References
16. Diffusion and Mobilities Introduction
    
    1. Diffusion
    2. Mobilities
       References
17. High-Energy Elastic Scattering of Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
    
    1. Introduction
    2. Scope of Present Survey
    3. Classical Scattering Approximation
    4. Elementary Description of Scattering Measurements
    5. Experimental Methods
    6. Elementary Classical Theory of Scattering
    7. Analysis of Experiments
    8. Summary of Experimental Results
    9. Comparison of Scattering Results with Other Data
    10. Summary
        References
18. Charge Transfer and Collisional Detachment
    
    1. Introduction
    2. Collision Chamber Techniques
    3. Mass Analysis Problems
    4. Symmetrical Resonance Charge Transfer
    5. Charge Transfer Reactions between Unlike Systems
    6. Crossovers
    7. Negative Ions and Collisional Detachment
       References
19. Electron Capture and Loss at High Energies
    
    1. Introduction
    2. General References and Previous Collections of Data
    3. Mathematical Description of Charge Changing Probabilities; Notation
    4. Experimental Equipment and Methods
    5. Results on Hydrogen Beams
    6. Results on Helium Beams
    7. Results on Lithium Beams
    8. Results on Boron Atomic and Ionic Beams; The Average Ionic Charge
    9. Results on Carbon Beams
    10. Results on Nitrogen Beams
    11. Results on Oxygen Beams
    12. Results on Atomic and Ionic Beams of the Halogens
    13. Results on Neon Beams
    14. Results on Argon Beams
    15. Results on Krypton and Xenon Beams
    16. Charge Changing Collisions of Fission Fragments
        References
20. Relaxation in Gases
    
    1. The Nature of The Relaxation Process
    2. Phenomena Associated with Relaxation
    3. Rotational Relaxation
    4. Vibrational Relaxation in Pure Gases
    5. Vibrational Relaxation in Gas Mixtures
       References
21. Chemical Processes
    
    1. Categorization of Reaction Rates
    2. Measurement of Reaction Rates in Gases
    3. Theory of Reaction Rates in Gases
       References
       Author Index
       Subject Index
       Species of Atom or Molecule
       General