Digital Interactive TV and Metadata

Recent years have brought many changes to the world of mass media. The In­ ternet and mobile communications technology have provided consumers with interactive digital services. Television is catching up with this trend through the digitalization process. Digital television is a hybrid platform combining elements from classical analog television and the Internet, providing modern multimedia services on a familiar platform. In short, digital TV is a gateway to the world of interactive digital media. Digital TV brings consumers into the television service arena and offers them new degrees of freedom. However, as the service and multimedia content types diversify and the services and their content increase, television is facing many of the same challenges of complexity and information overflow faced by other digital media. Metadata can handle the diverse services and content of digital TV effi.­ ciently and in a consumer-friendly way. Metadata means that the data are accompanied by other data which describe them. As data about data, meta­ data can provide an insight into syntactically and semantically complex data by distilling their essence to a set of simple descriptors. Metadata also helps to structure and manage information in diverse settings. The use of metadata in broadcast multimedia should not be restricted to being merely a tool for coping with the challenges of a complex networked multimedia environment. Instead, metadata ofTers new opportunities for the development of innovative services.

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Contents Part I Theory 1 New Paradigms in Broadcast Multimedia 1.1 Comparison of Classic, Analog and Modern, Digital TV 1.2 First Thoughts about Metadata in Broadcast Multimedia 1.3 Basic Definitions 1.4 Structure of the Book 2 World of Digital Interactive TV 2.1 Broadcast Multimedia 2.1.1 MPEG-2 2.1.2 DVB 2.1.3 MHP 2.1.4 Emerging DVB Standardization Efforts 2.1.5 ATSC-DASE and Open Cable 2.1.6 ISDB-BML 2.1.7 Adoption of the Standards 2.2 Digital TV Asset Life-Cycle 2.3 Examples of Digital TV Value-Added Services 2.3.1 Electronic Program Guide (EPG) 2.3.2 Information Portal 2.3.3 Pay-per-View (PpV) 2.3.4 Video-on-Demand (VoD) 2.3.5 Education 2.3.6 Shopping 2.3.7 Games 2.3.8 Standard Internet Services 2.3.9 Communication 2.3.10 Community Services 2.3.11 Government 2.3.12 Health 2.3.13 Finance and Banking 3 Metadata Fundamentals and Concepts 3.1 Digital TV Metadata Life-Cycle 3.2 Theoretical Foundations of Metadata 3.2.1 Metadata Tier Model 3.2.2 Theory behind the W3C Metadata De.nition Family 3.2.3 Practical Example 3.3 W3C Metadata Families 3.3.1 Overview of the W3C Metadata Families 3.3.2 XML 3.3.3 XML schema 3.4 MPEG-7 - Multimedia Content Description Interface 3.4.1 Overview 3.4.2 MPEG-7 Metadata De.nitions 3.4.3 Basic Elements and Schema Tools 3.4.4 Annotating Multimedia Assets 3.4.5 Grouping Multimedia Assets: Content Organization 3.4.6 Managing Conventional Media Archive Information 3.4.7 Easy Navigation and Access 3.4.8 Personalization, User Interaction and Consumer Profiles 3.4.9 Audio Descriptors 3.4.10 Visual Descriptors 3.4.11 MPEG-7 Systems 3.5 MPEG-21 Packages Multimedia Assets 3.5.1 Perception of Multimedia Assets through DIs 3.5.2 Digital Item Declaration (DIDL) 3.5.3 Digital Item Adaptation 3.5.4 Road Ahead for MPEG-21 3.6 MHP and Metadata 3.6.1 'Metadata Way' of MHP 3.6.2 DVB-HTML 3.7 TV-Anytime 3.7.1 Personal Data Recorder 3.7.2 Content Reference Identifier (CRID) 3.7.3 Metadata Process Model 3.7.4 Metadata Definitions 3.7.5 Broadcast Channel Aspects 3.7.6 Feedback Channel Aspects 3.8 SMPTE Metadata De.nitions 3.8.1 SMPTE Metadata Dictionary (Content & Structure) 3.8.2 Universal Material Identifier (UMID) 3.8.3 Key-Length-Value (KLV) 3.9 Advanced Authoring Format (AAF) 3.10 General Exchange Format (GXF) 3.11 Material eXchange Format (MXF) 3.12 EBU's P/META Metadata Exchange Scheme 3.13 Converging Broadcasting Metadata Standards 4 Digital Broadcast Item Model (DBIM) 4.1 Purpose and Objectives 4.2 Unified Life-Cycle and Work.ow Model 4.2.1 Example: Converging TV-Anytime and DBIM Work Flows 4.3 Architectural Components - A More Detailed View 4.3.1 DBIM Metadata Building Blocks 4.3.2 Metadata Protocol Stack - Linkage Metadata Definitions 4.3.3 Service Architecture 4.3.4 Metadata Protocol Stack 4.4 DBIM Metadata Structures 4.4.1 Basic Tools 4.4.2 Multimedia Asset Tools 4.4.3 Object Tools 4.4.4 Service Tools 4.4.5 Narrative Tools 4.4.6 Vertical Tools 4.5 Digital Broadcast Item (DBI) 4.6 Dynamic DBI Process Model 4.6.1 Different Item Types in the Metadata Life-Cycle 4.6.2 DBO Phases 5 Metadata System View 5.1 Characteristics of the Linkage Tier 5.2 Metadata-Based Service Architecture 5.2.1 Logical Feedback Channel Architecture 5.2.2 Logical Broadcast Channel Architecture 5.3 Metadata Protocol Stack 5.3.1 Abstract Metadata Protocol Stack Model 5.3.2 Internet Protocol Suite 5.3.3 Transmitting Metadata over Broadcast Channel Protocols 5.3.4 Communication Modes on Application Layer Protocol Suites 5.3.5 Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 5.3.6 Streaming Binary XML -