Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology · 1986

The nature and diversity of presentations at the second International Conference on Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology (ICINN--86) held at the University of Maryland on August 4-6. 1986, attest to the vital­ ity and broad scope of research in insect neuroscience. The present vol­ ume is a written account of the invited lectures, contributed papers, and posters presented at the conference, and as such, serves as a fair indica­ tor of the trends in current research in this field here and abroad. The principal portion of this book consists of seven review papers that were presented by invited speakers. Although the topics vary wide­ ly, they reflect on and emphasize the main theme of the conference, i. e. , the nature and function of molecular messengers that communicate be­ meen the central nervous system and organs or tissues involved in the growth, development, reproduction, and behavior of insects. This empha­ sis is continued in the following three sections on neurochemistry, neuro­ physiology, and neuroanatomy, although no conscious effort was made by the organizers to highlight these particular fields of neuroscience. It is evident that the recent advances in both physical and chemical analyti­ cal techniques have made possible the acquisition of structurally defined probes, the long sought-after tools for unraveling the secrets of endogen­ ous communication. Each section of short papers derived from the oral and poster presentations at the conference is prefaced by an overview that highlights and summarizes the section's content.

Contenu

Reviews.- Insect Neuropeptides-Pure and Applied.- Prothoracicotropic Hormones and Neurohormones in Bombyx mori.- Endocrine Timing Signals That Direct Ecdysial Physiology and Behavior.- Hormonal Control of Diuresis in Insects.- Chemistry of Synapses and Synaptic Transmission in the Nervous System of Insects.- Biogenic Amine Receptors and Their Mode of Action in Insects.- Embryonic Formation of a Simple Neurosecretory Nerve in the Moth, Manduca sexta.- Summaries of Recent Research.- Neurochemistry.- Overview.- Approaches to Generating Monoclonal Antibodies to the Prothoracicotropic Hormone in Manduca sexta.- Structure/Activity Relationships of Adipokinetic Hormone/Red Pigment Concentrating Hormone Family.- Lipoprotein/Apoprotein Interactions During Adipokinetic Hormone Action in Locusta.- Presence and Preliminary Characterization of Factors Regulating Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Isolated from the Corpus Cardiacum of the Eastern Lubber Grasshopper.- Isolation and Structure of the Hypertrehalosemic Hormone from Blaberus discoidalis Cockroaches.- Comparative Actions of a New Series of Myotropic Peptides on the Visceral Muscles of an Insect.- Leucomyosuppressin: A Decapeptide That Inhibits Hindgut Contractile Ability in Leuophaea maderae.- Enzymatic Degradation of Proctolin in the CNS of the Locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by Membrane-Bound Enzymes.- Endocrine Regulations of Protein Synthesis by the In Vitro Fat Body from Blaberus discoidalis Cockroaches.- Neurohormonal Regulation of Pheromone Biosynthesis inHeliothis zea: Evidence for Multiple Forms of the Hormone.- HPLC Isolation and Purification of Pheromone Biosynthesis-Activating Neuropeptide of Heliothis zea.- Novel Neuropeptides from the Corpus Cardiacum of a Cricket and a Cockroach.- Characterization of Vertebrate Peptide Hormone-Like Materials in the American Cockroach: Different Methods Employed to Investigate These Substances and Their Results.- Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Biogenic Amine Depleters in the Blow Fly, Phormia regina.- Protective Function of Gangliosides Against the Disruptive Action of DDT and Deltamethrin.- Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Components of Acetylcholinesterase in Insect Heads.- Binding of Synthetic Insect Peptide Analogs to Components of Insect Membrane Preparations.- Second Messengers Linked to the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Locust (Schistocerca gregaria) Ganglia.- Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Olfactory Pathway of the Sphinx Moth, Manduca sexta.- Octopaminergic Regulation of an Insect Visceral Muscle.- Neurochemical Regulation of Light Emission from Photocytes.- Protein Phosphorylation Associated with Synaptosomal Membranes of the Pupal Brain of Manduca sexta.- The Control of Casein Kinase II Activity and Protein Phosphorylation in the Brain of Manduca sexta by Polyamines.- Neurophysiology.- Overview.- The Maturation of Adult Locust Corpora Allata and Development of Responsiveness to Allatotropin.- Differential Synthesis and Allatotropic Stimulation of JH-III and JH III Diol in Locust Corpora Allata.- Occurrence of Allatostatin in the Cockroach, Diploptera punctata, and Its Effect In Vitro on Corpora Allata from Females in Different Reproductive Stages.- Inhibition of JH-I Synthesis In Vitro by a Cerebral Allatostatic Neuropeptide in Manduca sexta.- Parasite Redirection of Neurohormonally Driven Developmental Pathways That Are Associated with Size Thresholds.- Role of Juvenile Hormone and Juvenile Hormone Esterase in Relation to Cuticle Tanning in Spodoptera litura.- Effect of Precocene-ll on Endocrines, Feeding, and Digestion in the Semilooper Caterpillar, Achoea janata.- Studies on the Regulation, Function, and Properties of Juvenile Hormone Esterases of Trichoplusia ni.- Dissociation of Prothoracic Glands of Manduca sexta into Hormone Responsive Single Cells.- Gypsy Moth Prothoracic Glands: Response to a Synthetic Poly peptide Analog.- Prothoracicotropic Hormone Stimulation of Ecdysone Synthesis by the Prothoracic Glands in the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar.- Discovery and Partial Characterization of Prothoracicotropic Hormone of the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar.- Effects of Bombyx 4K-PTTH and Bovine Insulin on Testis Develop ment of Indian Silkworm, Philosamia cynthia ricini.- Presence of Gonadotropic and Prothoracicotropic Factors in Pupal and Adutt Heads of the Mosquito.- In Vitro Activation of Prothoracic Glands from Diapause and Non-diapause Destined Sarcophaga argyrostoma and Calliphora vicina.- High Temperature-Induced Termination of Diapause in Lepidopterous Insects.- Host-Seeking in a Diapausing Mosquito.- An ACTH-Like Diuretic Hormone in Locusts.- The Biology and Regulation of Post-Eclosion Diuresis in Adult Heli othis zea.- Isolation and Purification of Two AVP-Like Factors from Locusta migratoria.- Factor from Brains of Male Heliothis virescens Induces Ecdysteroid Production by Testes.- Head Critical Periods for Controlling Apyrene and Eupyrene Spermatogenesis in the European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis.- Electrical Properties of Membranes of Cells of the Corpora Allata of the Cockroach Diploptera punctata: Evidence for the Presence of Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels.- Patch Clamp and Noise Analysis Studies of Neurotransmitter Receptors of Cultured Insect Neurones.- Voltage-Dependent Conductances in Cultured Cockroach Neurons.- Variation in Activity of a Major Molecular Form of AChE in Brain and Smooth Muscle During Tenebrio Metamorphosis.- Sodium Channels of the Cockroach Central Nervous System Synaptosomes.- Isolation and Biological Activity of Synaptic Toxins from the Venom of the Funnel Web Spider, Agelenopsis aperta.- Peptide Toxins from Arthropod Venoms Disrupt Feeding and Utilization of Diet in the Cotton Bollworm.- Whole-Cell and Single-Channel Recording from Insect Myosacs.- Enhanced Increase of Tyramine and Octopamine Through the Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase and the Synergistic Effect of Chlordimeform Towards Deltamethrin.- Ecdysteroid Levels in Eggs and Larvae of Toxorhynchites amboinensis.- Effect of Biogenic Amines on Moulting in Some Lepidopterous Larvae.- Neuroanatomy.- Overview.- Localization and Release of FMRFAmide-Like Immunoreactivity in a Cerebral Neuroendocrine System.- Association of the Neuropeptide Proctolin with Oviduct Visceral Muscle.- Homologies Between Perineural Serotonin Fiber Systems in Rhodnius prolixus and in Mandu…