Auditory and Visual Sensations

Establishing a theory of subjective preference of the sound field in a concert hall, Ando bases this work on preference theory, along with a model of the human auditory-brain system. The model considers the specialization of human cerebral hemispheres.

This is an approach from the auditory and visual brain activities and functioning to sensations. This book is concerned with physics, psychology, brain physiology, blending science and art. Temporal sensations such as pitch or missing fundamental, loudness, timbre, and duration sensation, which is introduced here as the fourth, may be described by the temporal factors extracted from the autocorrelation function (ACF), which are associated with the left hemisphere. On the other hand, spatial sensations such as localization in the horizontal plane, apparent source width (ASW) and subjective diffuseness are described by the spatial factors extracted from the inter aural cross correlation function (IACF) are associated with the right hemisphere.

The "primary sensation" may be classified in two categories: temporal sensations and spatial sensations. Therefore, any subjective responses of the sound field may be described based on both the temporal and spatial factors. The first part of book contributes to basic acoustics researches related to brain including concert hall and opera house acoustics, noise measurement and effects of noise on man, but also psychological and physiological acoustics as well as speech and music perception.

As described in the second part, there is a certain degree of similarity in the processing of auditory- and visual brain systems. An analogy of this theory may be applied for the temporal sensations and the spatial sensations of vision, as well as the subjective preference of the visual environment. The typical temporal sensation of vision is "pitch" of a flickering light, which includes the missing fundamental phenomenon. Visual spatial sensations discussed here are contrast, regularity and coarseness. But, no color effects on the sensations are treated in this volume. As an application, a design theory incorporating temporal and spatial factors may be generalized in architectural and environmental design. Someexamples of application will be offered.

Unique combination of architectural acoustics, psychophysics, neurophysiology, and auditory modeling First scientific proposal of commonalities between analogous auditory and visual sensations Comprehensive neuronal signal processing model of spatial hearing Rational theory of the architectural acoustical design of performance spaces based on psychoacoustics of hearing and listener preferences General theory of listener-preferences grounded in both psychoacoustic and neurophysiological observations Observable neurophysiological correlates of sound qualities and listener preferences Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur

Yoichi Ando is an expert in the areas of concert hall acoustics architectural acoustics, brain activities, and environmental design. He has been awarded the AIA Institute Honor, American Institute of Architects in 1995: For 30 years of work developing and applying new theories of concert hall acoustics have helped the way music is heard. A scientist, author, and educator, his achievements are a benefit to both the world of architecture and the world of music. He has also been awarded the "Laurea Honoris Causa" (Dottore ad Honorem) by University of Ferrara, Italy on 12 June 2002, and serves as Editor-In-Chief, of the Journal of Temporal Design in Architecture and the Environment.

Peter Cariani works in the fields of auditory neurophysiology; temporal coding of pitch, timbre, and consonance; neural networks for temporal processing; music perception and cognition.

Texte du rabat

Professor Yoichi Ando, acoustic architectural designer of the Kirishima International Concert Hall in Japan, presents a comprehensive rational-scientific approach to designing performance spaces. His theory is based on systematic psychoacoustical observations of spatial hearing and listener preferences, whose neuronal correlates are observed in the neurophysiology of the human brain. A correlation-based model of neuronal signal processing in the central auditory system is proposed in which temporal sensations (pitch, timbre, loudness, duration) are represented by an internal autocorrelation representation, and spatial sensations (sound location, size, diffuseness related to envelopment) are represented by an internal interaural crosscorrelation function. Together these two internal central auditory representations account for the basic auditory qualities that are relevant for listening to music and speech in indoor performance spaces. Observed psychological and neurophysiological commonalities between auditory and visual sensations and preference patterns are presented and discussed. This book thus spans the disciplines of physics, acoustics, psychology, neurophysiology, and music production, thereby blending science, engineering, and art.

Contenu
I Temporal and Spatial Sensations in the human auditory system.- Temporal and Spatial Aspects of Sounds and Sound Fields.- Subjective Preferences for Sound Fields.- Electrical and Magnetic Responses in the Central Auditory System.- Model of Temporal and Spatial Factors in the Central Auditory System.- Temporal Sensations of the Sound Signal.- Spatial Sensations of Binaural Signals.- Applications (I) Music and Concert Hall Acoustics.- Applications (II) Speech Reception in Sound Fields.- Applications (III) Noise Measurement.- Applications (IV) Noise Annoyance.- II Temporal and Spatial Sensations in the Human Visual System.- to Visual Sensations.- Temporal and Spatial Sensations in Vision.- Subjective Preferences in Vision.- EEG and MEG Correlates of Visual Subjective Preferences.- Summary of Auditory and Visual Sensations.