Traffic and Environment

The automobile is one of the inventions that have made a decisive contribution to human mobility, and consequently it has become an inseparable part of modern human society. However, it is through this widespread use that its negative impacts on the environment have become so highly visible. Achievements in improving the ecological characteristics of the automobile are highly impressive: a modern car emits only a fraction of the amounts of noise and exhaust pollutants produced by its predecessors 30 years ago. The contributions to this book were written by experts, most of whom have been actively involved in the development of modern automobiles and their combustion engines for more than 30 years. They have participated in all phases of the ecological development of the automobile and summarize their experience and know-how in this book .

World re-known experts, among others from Mercedes, Porsche and BMW research departments, summarize their experience and knowhow in all phases of the ecological development of automobiles

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The automobile is one of the inventions which has made a decisive contribution to human mobility and it has become an inseparable part of modern human society. It is through this widespread use that negative impacts on the environment have become clearly visible. Therefore, since the late sixties and early seventies, automotive development has been accompanied by an ever increasing number of severe legal standards e.g. about the reduction of exhaust gas pollutants, noise emissions, hazardous substances and waste, as well as about improved recyclability of materials and other aspects.

Achievements in improving the ecological characteristics of the automobile are highly impressive: A modern car emits only fractions of the amounts of noise and exhaust gas pollutants produced by its predecessors 30 years ago. The same trend can be found with all the other ecologically relevant automotive features so that the absolute impact of the automobile on our environment is considerably lower today than in the past. The contributions to this book were written by experts most of whom have been actively involved in the development of modern automobiles and their combustion engines for more than 30 years. They have participated in all phases of the ecological development of the automobile. At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, these experts have summarized their experience and know-how in this book, which bears witness to the successful implementation of ecological considerations into automotive development work.

Contenu
Introduction.- Power Units for Transportation.- Combustion Fundamentals and Combustion Products. The Otto (Gasoline) Engine. The Diesel Engine; Alternative Propulsion System.- Means of Transportation and their Effect on the Environment.- Emissions and Air Quality. Noise Emissions. Car Recycling-End of Life Vehicles. Measures for the Reduction of Exhaust Gas Emissions.- Emission Legislation; Emission Standards. Emission Test Methods. Inter-Related Requirements. Fuels.- Fuels and Engine Characteristics. Fuels and Exhaust Gas Emissions. Requirements for Fuels. Alternative Fuels. Outlook on the Future.